This dissertation proposes a new optical component, the half mirror with lens function, and studies about its application to three-dimensional display systems. Half mirror with lens function is a half mirror which provides a lens function by the refle...
This dissertation proposes a new optical component, the half mirror with lens function, and studies about its application to three-dimensional display systems. Half mirror with lens function is a half mirror which provides a lens function by the reflective optic implementation. As an optical combiner, the definition of half mirror with lens function touts the advantageous features of see-through imaging and easy alignment of the optical system. Three viable fabrication methods, each of which has its pros and cons, are proposed to realize the half mirror with lens function. And the comparison of the characteristics of prototypes implemented by the three methods is also given as a reference in determining which one will be the most appropriate for the given application.
The usefulness of the half mirror with lens function is studied in two different aspects: one is the source of inspiration in retrieving new concept of the three-dimensional display system; the other is providing a new way to resolve the existing problems of the conventional three-dimensional display system. The study is conducted by providing various types of three-dimensional display system based on the integral imaging principle.
Two new types of three-dimensional display systems, which are inspired by adopting the half mirror with lens function, are presented considering the applications for the augmented reality. See-through and bidirectional integral imaging is a totally new concept that displays an autostereoscopic three-dimensional image, which is based on the integral imaging principle, around a see-through image without any mechanical motion. It is only realizable using the array of half mirrors with lens function which eventually has the surface structure of concave mirror array. Using the analysis of the imaging principle of the projection-type integral imaging, the half mirrors with lens function with 10\% of reflectance were implemented showing natural overlay of three-dimensional image onto the real world scene.
See-through head mounted display, which can address a correct accommodation, is also presented with the convex side of the half mirror with lens function utilizing the principle of integral floating. The analysis is given which demonstrates that the pixel pitch of the display device imposes the restriction to the imaging distance of the integrated image. The use of convex mirror effectively reduces the pixel pitch of the display device enabling the farther imaging of integrated image without physical improvement of the system.
The half mirror with lens function can also be useful in resolving the long-known problem of integral imaging, implementation of three-dimensional/two-dimensional convertible feature. Especially, there was no adequate solution for the projection-type integral imaging because the conventional methods incorporate the active devices with the size comparable to the screen. The adoption of half mirror with lens function provides the way to implement three-dimensional/two-dimensional convertible feature with the passive optical component. The proposed system is the first proposal to the three-dimensional/two-dimensional convertible projection-type integral imaging.
A number of methods have been investigated for the three-dimensional/two-dimensional convertible integral imaging of \textit{focused mode} configuration while only one method exists for the \textit{real/virtual mode} integral imaging. The half mirror with lens function provides the new method to realize the three-dimensional/ two-dimensional convertible feature for the \textit{real/virtual mode} integral imaging. The proposed system also touts various advantageous features such as the wider viewing angle and the shorter optical path difference in creating multiple central depth planes for the depth enhancement.
Though the usefulness of the half mirror with lens function is investigated only focusing on the three-dimensional display, it is expected that the half mirror with lens function will also be useful for various optical applications.