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    RISS 인기검색어

      Introduction to psychology

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      https://www.riss.kr/link?id=M2940964

      • 저자
      • 발행사항

        Dubuque, Iowa : Wm. C. Brown, c1990

      • 발행연도

        1990

      • 작성언어

        영어

      • 주제어
      • DDC

        150 판사항(20)

      • ISBN

        0697059529 (pbk.)
        0697113426 (hard)

      • 자료형태

        일반단행본

      • 발행국(도시)

        Iowa

      • 서명/저자사항

        Introduction to psychology / Patricia M. Wallace, Jeffrey H. Goldstein, Peter E. Nathan.

      • 판사항

        2nd ed

      • 형태사항

        xv, 603 p., 8 p. of plates : ill. (some col.) ; 24 cm.

      • 일반주기명

        Includes bibliographical references (p. 555-576).

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      목차 (Table of Contents)

      • CONTENTS
      • List of Boxes = xi
      • Preface = xiii
      • Part I INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
      • 1 Psychology: Applications = 2
      • CONTENTS
      • List of Boxes = xi
      • Preface = xiii
      • Part I INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY
      • 1 Psychology: Applications = 2
      • Outline = 2
      • Learning Objectives = 3
      • Psychology: A Subject for and about People = 4
      • Psychology: What Is It? = 4
      • Who Are Psychologists? = 4
      • What Do Psychologists Do? = 4
      • Guided Review = 7
      • The Psychological Approach to Behavior = 7
      • Observing Behavior = 7
      • Research Strategies = 10
      • Guided Review = 15
      • Perspectives in Psychology = 15
      • Historical Schools of Thought = 16
      • Behaviorism = 18
      • Cognitive Psychology = 18
      • Psychoanalysis = 19
      • Humanistic Psychology = 20
      • Comparing the Perspectives = 20
      • Guided Review = 20
      • Applying Psychology = 21
      • Applied Research, Basic Research, and Applications of Psychological Knowledge = 21
      • Guided Review = 22
      • Summary = 23
      • Action Glossary = 24
      • Self-Test = 26
      • Suggested Readings = 28
      • Part II BASICS OF BEHAVIOR
      • 2 Biological Bases of Behavior = 30
      • Outline = 30
      • Learning Objectives = 31
      • The Neuron: Building Block of the Nervous System = 33
      • The Neuron's Structure = 33
      • Moving Information down the Axon = 35
      • Moving Information from One Neuron to Another = 38
      • To Spike or Not to Spike = 40
      • Guided Review = 40
      • The Central Nervous System = 40
      • Studying the Central Nervous System = 42
      • The Brain's Structure = 44
      • The Limbic System = 47
      • The Spinal Cord = 48
      • Guided Review = 49
      • The Peripheral Nervous System = 49
      • Sensory and Motor Neurons = 50
      • The Autonomic Nervous System = 50
      • Guided Review = 53
      • The Endocrine System = 53
      • Hormones and Glands = 53
      • Hormones and Behavior = 54
      • Guided Review = 55
      • When Things Go Wrong: Malfunctions in the Nervous System = 55
      • Guided Review = 56
      • Two Brains in One = 57
      • The Split Brain = 57
      • What about the Lefties? = 61
      • Mind, Consciousness, and the Brain = 62
      • Guided Review = 62
      • Summary = 63
      • Action Glossary = 65
      • Self-Test = 67
      • Suggested Readings = 69
      • 3 The Psychology of Consciousness = 70
      • Outline = 70
      • Learning Objectives = 71
      • The Study of Normal Consciousness = 72
      • What Is Consciousness? = 72
      • The History of Consciousness in Psychology = 73
      • Electrical Signs of Consciousness = 73
      • Guided Review = 75
      • Biological Rhythms, Sleep, and Dreams = 75
      • Biological Rhythms = 75
      • The Stages of Sleep = 77
      • Dreaming = 79
      • The Functions of Sleep and Dreaming = 81
      • Guided Review = 82
      • Hypnosis = 82
      • What Is Hypnosis? = 84
      • Who Can Be Hypnotized? = 84
      • Hypnosis and Law Enforcement = 85
      • Guided Review = 86
      • Chemical Alterations in Consciousness = 86
      • How Do Drugs Work? = 87
      • Close-up of the General Depressants = 91
      • Guided Review = 93
      • Summary = 93
      • Action Glossary = 95
      • Self-Test = 96
      • Suggested Readings = 98
      • 4 Sensation and Perception = 100
      • Outline = 100
      • Learning Objectives = 101
      • Vision = 102
      • Common Features of the Visual System and Other Sensory Systems = 102
      • The Sensitivity of Sensory Systems = 102
      • The Visual Stimulus―Light = 103
      • The Structure of the Eye = 104
      • Transduction in the Receptors = 107
      • Organizing Visual Information = 108
      • Seeing Patterns = 109
      • Seeing in Color = 110
      • Seeing Depth and Distance = 111
      • Visual Problems = 112
      • Guided Review = 113
      • Audition = 114
      • Sound = 114
      • The Ear = 114
      • The Coding of Sound = 115
      • Hearing Problems = 116
      • Guided Review = 119
      • Touch, Smell, and Taste = 119
      • The Skin Senses = 119
      • The Special Sense of Pain = 120
      • Treatments for Pain = 121
      • Smell and Taste: The Chemical Senses = 123
      • Guided Review = 127
      • Perception = 127
      • General Principles of Perception = 127
      • Individual Factors in Perception = 130
      • Perception and Attention = 132
      • Guided Review = 134
      • Extrasensory Perception = 134
      • What Is ESP? = 134
      • Does ESP Exist? = 134
      • Skepticism = 135
      • Guided Review = 136
      • Summary = 136
      • Action Glossary = 138
      • Self-Test = 141
      • Suggested Readings = 143
      • 5 Learning = 144
      • Outline = 144
      • Learning Objectives = 145
      • What Is Learning? = 146
      • Learning, Maturation, and Genetic Influences = 146
      • Guided Review = 147
      • Classical Conditioning = 147
      • Pavlov's Dogs = 148
      • Properties of Classical Conditioning = 148
      • Classical Conditioning and Learning Relations = 152
      • Guided Review = 154
      • Operant Conditioning = 154
      • Learning by Consequences = 154
      • Thorndike's Cats and Skinner's Rats = 155
      • Characteristics of Operant Conditioning = 156
      • Reinforcement = 159
      • Biofeedback = 163
      • Guided Review = 164
      • Learning and Cognition = 164
      • Insight Learning = 165
      • Cognitive Maps = 166
      • Observational Learning = 166
      • Guided Review = 169
      • The Limits of Leaming = 169
      • Flavor Aversions = 170
      • Biological Predispositions and Learning = 170
      • Guided Review = 171
      • Summary = 172
      • Action Glossary = 173
      • Self-Test = 175
      • Suggested Readings = 177
      • 6 Remembering and Forgetting = 178
      • Outline = 178
      • Learning Objectives = 179
      • The Three Storage Systems = 180
      • Sensory Store = 181
      • Short-Term Memory = 182
      • Long-Term Memory = 185
      • Guided Review = 188
      • Retrieving Information = 189
      • Search Strategies = 189
      • Memory Reconstruction = 191
      • Recognition Memory = 192
      • Guided Review = 195
      • Biological Basis of Learning and Memory = 195
      • Changes in the Brain during Learning = 196
      • Making a Memory = 197
      • Modifying Memory = 198
      • Guided Review = 200
      • Improving Your Memory = 200
      • Improving the Storage Process = 200
      • lmproving Retrieval = 203
      • Guided Review = 205
      • Summary = 205
      • Action Glossary = 207
      • Self-Test = 208
      • Suggested Readings = 210
      • 7 Communicating and Thinking = 212
      • Outline = 212
      • Learning Objectives = 213
      • Language = 214
      • The Nature of Language = 214
      • The Acquisition of Language = 217
      • Aninial Communication = 221
      • Guided Review = 225
      • Thinking = 225
      • Language and Thought = 226
      • The Structure of Thought = 227
      • Guided Review = 229
      • Problem Solving = 229
      • Steps of Problem Solving = 230
      • Crcalive Problem Solving = 235
      • Guided Review = 236
      • Intelligence = 237
      • Measuring Intelligence = 237
      • Practical issues Involved in Testing = 240
      • Ethical and Legal Issues Surrounding IQ Testing = 241
      • The Nature of Intelligence = 244
      • Factors Influencing Intelligence = 245
      • Guided Review = 247
      • Summary = 249
      • Action Glossary = 250
      • Self-Test = 253
      • Suggested Readings = 255
      • 8 Motivation and Emotion = 256
      • Outline = 256
      • Learning Objectives = 257
      • Motivation―A Description = 258
      • Theories of Motivation = 258
      • Classification of Motives = 262
      • Motivation and the Brain = 263
      • Guided Review = 264
      • Human Motives: Four Examples = 264
      • Hunger = 264
      • Sex = 269
      • Sensation Seeking = 271
      • The Need for Achievement = 274
      • Guided Review = 275
      • Emotions = 276
      • Describing Emotions = 276
      • Expressing Emotions = 278
      • Measuring Emotions = 279
      • Theories of Emotion = 282
      • Guided Review = 286
      • Summary = 286
      • Action Glossary = 288
      • Self-Test = 289
      • Suggested Readings = 291
      • Part III DEVELOPMENT
      • 9 Life Span Development: Infancy and Childhood = 294
      • Outline = 294
      • Learning Objectives = 295
      • The Study of Human Development = 296
      • Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Studies = 296
      • Perspectives in Human Development = 296
      • Guided Review = 298
      • The Forces That Shape Development = 298
      • Genetic Forces = 298
      • Environmental Forces = 302
      • The Interaction between Genes and Environment in Development = 303
      • Guided Review = 304
      • Birth and Infancy = 304
      • The Abilities of the Newborn = 307
      • Attachment = 309
      • Guided Review = 313
      • Childhood = 313
      • Cognitive Development = 313
      • Social and Emotional Development = 316
      • Moral Development = 319
      • The Gifted Child = 321
      • Guided Review = 322
      • Summary = 323
      • Action Glossary = 324
      • Self-Test = 326
      • Suggested Readings = 328
      • 10 Life Span Development: Adolescence and Adulthood = 330
      • Outline = 330
      • Learning Objectives = 331
      • Adolescence = 332
      • Biological Changes = 332
      • Sexual Development = 333
      • Seeking an Identity = 336
      • Social Development = 337
      • Guided Review = 338
      • Early and Middle Adulthood = 339
      • The Early Adult Years = 340
      • The Middle Adult Years = 346
      • Cognitive Development in Adulthood = 349
      • Guided Review = 349
      • Later Adulthood = 350
      • The Aging Process = 350
      • Life Adjustments in Later Adulthood = 351
      • Creativity and Productivity = 353
      • Death and Dying = 354
      • Guided Review = 356
      • Summary = 356
      • Action Glossary = 358
      • Self-Test = 359
      • Suggested Readings = 361
      • Part IV PERSONALITY AND ADJUSTMENT
      • 11 Personality and Assessment = 364
      • Outline = 364
      • Learning Objectives = 365
      • Personality: What Is It and How Is It Expressed? = 366
      • Guided Review = 367
      • The Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality = 367
      • Psychic Determinism and the Unconscious = 367
      • Psychic Apparatus = 368
      • The Psychosexual Stages = 369
      • The Defense Mechanisms = 370
      • Psychoanalytic Theory: An Overview = 371
      • Guided Review = 371
      • Neo-Freudian Theories of Personality = 372
      • Defectors from the Inner Circle: Jung, Adler, and Rank = 372
      • The Impact of Culture on Personality: Horney, Fromm, and Erikson = 372
      • The Ego and the Personality: Hartman, Spitz, and Mahler = 374
      • The Nco-Freudians: An Overview = 374
      • Guided Review = 374
      • Social Learning Theory of Personality = 375
      • Classical Conditioning and Personality = 375
      • Operant Conditioning and Personality = 375
      • Observational Learning and Personality = 376
      • Guided Review = 378
      • Similarities and Differences in the Psychoanalytic Theories and the Social Learning Theories = 378
      • Existential/Humanistic Theories of Personality = 379
      • Rogers's Client-Centered Theory―A Humanistic Theory = 379
      • Maslow's Humanistic Concept of Self-Actualization = 379
      • Existential Theory = 381
      • Guided Review = 381
      • The Assessment of Personality = 381
      • Unstructured and Semistructurcd Observation = 382
      • Structured Observation = 382
      • Projcctivc Tests of Personality = 383
      • Objective Tests of Personality = 385
      • Guided Review = 387
      • Summary = 387
      • Action Glossary = 388
      • Self-Test = 390
      • Suggested Readings = 391
      • 12 Adjustment and Abnormality = 392
      • Outline = 392
      • Learning Objectives = 393
      • Conflict: Resolution and Adjustment = 394
      • Approach-Approach Conflict = 394
      • Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict = 394
      • Approach-Avoidance Conflict = 395
      • Double Approach-Avoidance Conflict = 396
      • Guided Review = 397
      • Responses to Conflict and Frustration = 397
      • Withdrawal and Aggression: Unsuccessful Responses = 397
      • Defense Mechanisms = 398
      • Guided Review = 400
      • Behavioral and Bodily Consequences of Conflict and Frustration = 400
      • Behavioral Consequences = 401
      • Bodily Consequences = 403
      • Stress, Coping, and Healthy Life-styles = 405
      • Guided Review = 406
      • Abnormal Behavior throughout History = 406
      • Natural and Supernatural Forces = 406
      • Pinel's Reforms = 406
      • The Disease Model of Mental Illness = 407
      • The Psychoanalytic Revolution = 407
      • Guided Review = 408
      • The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders = 408
      • Guided Review = 409
      • Categories of Abnormal Behavior = 409
      • Organic Mental Disorders = 409
      • Psychoaciive Substance Use Disorders = 410
      • Schizophrenia = 412
      • Mood Disorders = 414
      • Anxiely Disorders = 415
      • Somatoform Disorders = 416
      • Sexual Disorders = 417
      • Pcrsonality Disorders = 418
      • Guided Review = 418
      • Summary = 418
      • Action Glossary = 420
      • Self-Test = 422
      • Suggested Readings = 424
      • 13 Treatments = 426
      • Outline = 426
      • Learning Objectives = 427
      • Treating Abnormal Behavior = 428
      • Psychoanalytic Treatment = 428
      • The Basic Psychoanalytic Techniques = 428
      • Guided Review = 430
      • Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy = 430
      • Guided Review = 430
      • Behavior Therapy = 431
      • Historical Roots = 431
      • Systematic Descnsitization: Behavior Therapy for Anxiety = 431
      • Positive Reinforcement and Extinction: Behavior Therapy for Psychotic, Phobic, and Excessive Behaviors = 432
      • Gioded Participation. Modeling, and Exposure: Behavior Therapy for Social Withdrawal and Phobic Behavior = 434
      • Cognitive Behavior Therapy: Behavior Therapy for Depression. Anxiety, and Phobic Behavior = 434
      • Guided Review = 436
      • Rogers's Client-Centered Therapy = 436
      • Guided Review = 437
      • Group Treatment = 437
      • Group Therapy = 437
      • Family Therapy = 438
      • Encounter Groups = 438
      • Guided Review = 439
      • The Somatic Therapies = 439
      • Psychosurgery = 440
      • Elcciroconvulsive Therapy = 440
      • Drug Therapy = 440
      • Guided Review = 441
      • What Treatment for Which Disorder? = 442
      • Guided Review = 443
      • Prevention and Community Psychology = 443
      • Primary Prevention = 443
      • Secondary Prevention = 444
      • Tertiary Prevention = 444
      • Guided Review = 444
      • Summary = 444
      • Action Glossary = 446
      • Self-Test = 448
      • Suggested Readings = 449
      • Part V SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS
      • 14 Social Behavior = 452
      • Outline = 452
      • Learning Objectives = 453
      • Social Comparison = 454
      • Festinger's Social Comparison Theory = 454
      • Some Applications of the Theory = 455
      • Guided Review = 455
      • Social Perception and Attribution = 455
      • Implicit Theory of Personality = 455
      • First Impressions = 455
      • Attribution Processes = 456
      • Guided Review = 457
      • Interpersonal Attraction = 457
      • Similarity and Attraction = 458
      • Romantic Love = 459
      • Guided Review = 460
      • Social Influence = 461
      • Altitudes and Persuasion = 461
      • Prejudice = 463
      • Guided Review = 467
      • Prosociat and Antisocial Behavior = 467
      • Helping Behavior = 467
      • Aggrcssion = 470
      • Obedience to Authority = 475
      • Guided Review = 477
      • Summary = 477
      • Action Glossary = 479
      • Self-Test = 480
      • Suggested Readings = 483
      • 15 Group Processes = 484
      • Outline = 484
      • Learning Objectives = 485
      • Types and Characteristics of Groups = 486
      • Types of Groups = 486
      • How Does Group Behavior Differ from Individual Behavior? = 488
      • Guided Review = 491
      • Why Are Groups Attractve to Individuals? = 492
      • Emotion and Affiliation = 492
      • A Reinforcement/Exchange Theory of Affiliation = 492
      • Group Cohesiveness = 493
      • Leadership = 494
      • Guided Review = 497
      • How People Behave in Groups = 497
      • The Development of Group Norms = 498
      • Conformity = 499
      • Task Performance = 501
      • Collective Behavior = 502
      • Guided Review = 505
      • Summary = 505
      • Action Glossary = 507
      • Self-Test = 508
      • Suggested Readings = 509
      • 16 Applied Psychology = 510
      • Outline = 510
      • Learning Objectives = 511
      • Work and the Individual = 512
      • Some Meanings of Work and Leisure = 512
      • The Motivation to Work = 512
      • Effects of Unemployment = 515
      • Guided Review = 516
      • The Nature of Organizations = 517
      • Bureaucracy: Formal Structure = 517
      • lnformal Social Structure = 518
      • Communication in Organizations = 519
      • Guided Review = 521
      • Human Factors = 521
      • Personnel Selection = 521
      • Human Factors = 521
      • Guided Review = 527
      • Environmental Psychology = 528
      • Personal Space = 528
      • Human Tcrriioriality = 531
      • Environmental Stressors = 533
      • Environmental Planning and Design = 536
      • Guided Review = 536
      • Summary = 538
      • Action Glossary = 540
      • Self-Test = 541
      • Suggested Readings = 543
      • Statistical Methods = 545
      • References = 555
      • Name Index = 571
      • Subject Index = 579
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