미래 그린 해수담수화 기술 = Future green seawater desalination technologies

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The difficulty of securing freshwater sources is increasing with global climate change. On the other hand, seawater is less affected by climate change and regarded as a stable water source. For utilizing seawater as freshwater, seawater desalination technologies should be employed to reduce the concentration of salts. However, current desalination technologies might accelerate climate change and create problems for the ecosystem. The desalination technologies consume higher energy than conventional water treatment technologies, increase carbon footprint with high electricity use, and discharge high salinity of concentrate to the ocean. Thus, it is critical to developing green desalination technologies for sustainable desalination in the era of climate change. The energy consumption of desalination can be lowered by minimizing pump irreversibility, reducing feed salinity, and harvesting osmotic energy. Also, the carbon footprint can be reduced by employing renewable energy sources to the desalination system. Furthermore, the volume of concentrate discharge can be minimized by recovering valuable minerals from high-salinity concentrate. The future green seawater desalination can be achieved by the advancement of desalination technologies, the employment of renewable energy, and the utilization of concentrate.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "XtremeRO/NF—Brine concentrator & water maker"

2 "Unlocking high-salinity desalination"

3 Park, K., "Towards a low-energy seawater reverse osmosis desalination plant : A review and theoretical analysis for future directions" 595 : 117607-, 2020

4 "The advantages of CCD"

5 Schenkeveld, M., "Seawater and Brackish Water Desalination in the Middle East, North Africa and Central Asia–A Review of Key issues and Experience in Six Countries (Algeria, Tunisia, Jordan, Uzbekistan, Malta, Cyprus)" World Bank 2012

6 Pankratz, T., "RO systems make their case for brine concentration applications" 7 : 44-47, 2019

7 "Procera seawater desalination systems"

8 "Osmoflo Brine Squeezer technology"

9 Kim, J., "Optimization of two-stage seawater reverse osmosis membrane processes with practical design aspects for improving energy efficiency" 601 : 117889-, 2020

10 "Nirobox"

11 Voutchkov, N., "Energy use for membrane seawater desalination – current status and trends" 431 : 2-14, 2018

12 Voutchkov, N., "Encyclopedia of Membrane Science and Technology" 2013

13 "Elemental Water Source"

14 Weaver, R., "Desalination market update"

15 Park, K., "Cost-based feasibility study and sensitivity analysis of a new draw solution assisted reverse osmosis(DSARO)process for seawater desalination" 422 : 182-193, 2017

16 Kim, J., "Application of two-stage reverse osmosis system for desalination of high-salinity and high-temperature seawater with improved stability and performance" 492 : 114645-, 2020

17 Kim, J., "A novel single-pass reverse osmosis configuration for high-purity water production and low energy consumption in seawater desalination" 429 : 142-154, 2018

18 Kim, J., "A comprehensive review of energy consumption of seawater reverse osmosis desalination plants" 254 : 113652-, 2019