현장기반 모니터링을 통한 벼 재배기간 주요 영농작업별 대기질 변화특성 분석 = Field-based Monitoring of Air Quality Responses Associated with Agricultural Activities during Rice Cultivation

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study aimed to evaluate short-term impacts of rice-farming operations on air quality. A fixed monitoring station was installed in a rice field inthe Nonsan Plain, Korea, measuring PM-10, PM-2.5, NH3, NO2, and SO2 at 5-min intervals. The system was synchronized with 360° CCTV and farmlogs, and data were processed through two-stage QA/QC. Event analysis was conducted by comparing pollutant concentrations before, during, and aftereach operation within ±24 h. During tillage, particle concentrations rose sharply (PM-10: 24 h mean 54.7 ug/m³, during-work 67.1 ug/m³, peak 104.2ug/m³; PM-2.5: 24 h mean 35.9 ug/m³, during-work 48.5 ug/m³, peak 80.1 ug/m³,), accompanied by high NH3 levels (during-work mean 119.6 ppb,peak 150.7 ppb). Field leveling under flooded conditions did not significantly elevate PM concentration but produced a delayed NH3 peak about 12–15h later (peak 156.5 ppb), indicating post-flood volatilization. Transplanting generated moderate increases in particles (PM-10 increased from 21.1 to 37.5ug/m³, and PM-2.5 from 12.5 to 24.6 ug/m³) with minimal gaseous changes. Harvest mainly increased PM concentrations (PM-10 peaked at 57 ug/m³,and PM-2.5 at 30 ug/m³).
These results clarify that tillage and harvest primarily affect air quality through resuspension of particles, while flooded field leveling drives NH3volatilization. The operation-specific responses provide a scientific basis for scheduling farm activities, implementing NH3 abatement strategies, andreducing exposure risks in rice agroecosystems.