On contrastiveness

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper attempts to delineate the notion contrastiveness that has been used as a cover term for different phenomena in linguistics. The terms contrastive focus and contrastive topic have been used without defining the notion contrastive in a coherent way. The two notions contrastiveness and focus are compared to each other and defined separately. In this paper contrastiveness is defined independently of focus based on pragmatic connotations found in English and Korean and it is claimed that contrastiveness involves cancellation or weakening of exclusivity implicature which in effect results in a statement weaker than a focus construction. This enables the speaker to limit his illocution to intended objects only without unintentionally imposing a negative implication on unchosen objects. It is further postulated that the Korean contrastive marker is used in an epistemic statement or conclusion that the speaker draws based on evidence available to him. It is also claimed that the cancellation or weakening of implicature enables the speaker to answer sensitive questions partially, incongruently, or in a face saving manner.

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