온라인지식공동체의 협력유형에 대한 소셜네트워크분석 = Social Network Analysis of the Knowledge Sharing Behavior in an Online Knowledge Community

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Knowledge sharing is one of important research areas in knowledge management. This study views shared knowledge in an online community as a public good and tries to answer why people share knowledge to people who are loosely connected and explored the behaviors of voluntary knowledge sharing behaviors in online community. Based on the literature review, a community memmber is classified as cooperator, reciprocator, and free rider by one’s knowledge sharing behavior. Questions and answers shared for eleven years (2006~2016) in the online knowledge community was web-crawled using Python and analyzed with degree analysis of NetMiner4.0. The sharing behavior was identified as isolate, transmitter, receiver, carrier, and ordinary, and the number and ratio of cooperator, reciprocator, and free rider, and the overall trend of knowledge sharing and searching behavior in each behavioral type were analyzed. The distributions of cooperator, reciprocator, and free rider in the online knowledge community showed similar distributions of power functions as the typical characteristics of social networks. This means that a small number of cooperator as well as a large number of reciprocator are very important in overall knowledge sharing in online knowledge community and this identified pattern of knowledge sharing is consistent with what the Bible says, "Remember that giving is more blessed than receiving" (Acts 20:25).

국문 초록 (Abstract)

지식공유는 지식관리에서 중요한 연구 분야 중 하나이다. 본 연구는 정보공유에 대한 개인의 행동성향을 순공유자, 상호공유자, 비공유자로 분류함으로써 지식공유에 대한 관점을 넓혔다. 본 연구는 느슨하게 연결된 소셜네트워크로서의 온라인지식공동체에서 회원들 간 자발적 질의응답 형태로 공유되는 지식을 공공재로 보고, 상호주의이론(theory of reciprocity)을 이용하여 온라인지식공동체 회원이 갖는 순공유자, 상호공유자, 비공유자의 세가지 지식공유행태의 존재와 그 구성비율, 그리고 지식공유에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 이러한 온라인지식공동체에서의 지식공유 개념은 “주는 것이 받는 것보다 복이 있다 하심을 기억하여야 할지니라” (행 20:25)는 성경 말씀에 부합한다. 온라인지식공동체의 11년간의 질의응답 데이터를 파이썬 웹크롤링방법으로 수집하고, NetMiner4.0을 이용하여 노드 연결관계 분석(degree analysis)을 한 결과, 회원들의 공유행태는 isolate, transmitter, receiver, carrier, ordinary의 행태를 보였으며, 이를 바탕으로 지난 11년간의 순공유자, 상호공유자, 비공유자의 수와 비율, 그리고 전체적인 지식공유와 지식탐색의 변화추이를 분석하였다. 이를 통해, 온라인지식공동체에 존재하는 순공유자, 상호공유자, 비공유자의 분포는 다른 소셜네트워크 특성과 같은 전형적인 멱함수의 분포를 보였으며, 이는 소수의 순공유자 뿐 아니라 대다수를 차지하고 있는 상호공유자들이 매우 중요한 지식공유 역할을 수행하고 있음을 뜻한다.

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