Starting in the 1980s, the new Paradigm of the public reform that had appeared on for the efficient operation of national finance is ‘the New-Public Management theory’, and the concept raised to bind the private business techniques to government a...
Starting in the 1980s, the new Paradigm of the public reform that had appeared on for the efficient operation of national finance is ‘the New-Public Management theory’, and the concept raised to bind the private business techniques to government administration is the ‘Third Sector’.
The ‘Third Sector’ started out anticipating that the public interests would be combined with private interests rationally, and it is the ‘Project Financing’ that is used as the tool to combine the private capital and technology with public value in a large development project.
The project financing is the term to serve the large scale project for one specific enterprise not to be apt to carry out, but as the concept of the common designation for the financing method to supply necessary capital to carry out just a project with the security of future cash flow from that project, distinguished from the financing method to loan the capital with the security of property and credit. As for the public institution to perform the project, the project financing is an available method to induce the private capital.
The project financing has the following merits.
First, as many institutions and corporations take part in the project, they can gather various opinions of specialists through the analysis of the propriety and economical efficiency of the project.
Second, the pubic institution as the subject of the project can not only fill up the short financial resources and technology but also disperse the risk.
Third, the private construction and investment companies can pursue the stable returns through the political support and tax favor.
But the rational combination of the public and the private could fail, because there are many participants in the large project, and the process and structure of project are very complicated.
Also, due to the project being a relatively a long term project, the financial, technical and structural risks in the project owing to the various inside and outside factors of politics and economy etc., could appear.
The Yongin Jookjun railroad station area development project is the first case to use the project financing for the large scale development project in our country. But most of the projects like the Yongsan railroad station area development project were failing except the early years’ some projects.
The O-Song railroad station area development project that the Chungcheongbuk-Do province is promoting from 2011 is suffering difficulty for the project financing too. So this study will find out the success factors of the project financing for the railroad station area development project through the comparison study of the domestic major railroad area development projects.
The Yongin Jukjun railroad station development project(2001~2006) and the Seoul Choongjungro Metro station area residence-commerce complex building development project are the representative cases among the project financing style of large railroad station area development projects. Especially the Yongsan railroad station area international business district development project, the largest scale from the establishment of our country, was dropped down suffering a enormous loss.
The crisis such as this was brought out from the severe stagnation of the real estate business condition now is from the global banking crisis in 2008. Also the incomplete prediction about the validity and the economical efficiency of the project, the limit of the risk management, the increase of the cost charge owing to the over competition induction and the discord among the project main bodies are the factors of the failure.
While the Chungcheongbuk-Do province designated the 1,650,000 ㎡ around the O-song railroad station area as the urban development region (2011.12.30.) fitting the opening of the O-song railroad station, attempted to find the project operator through the public announcements for the project financing to attract the private capital from the land development project, but no private corporations showed any interest in investing in such matter. The development region designation will be automatically called off unless the Chungcheongbuk-Do finds a way to set up the development plan inducing the project operator by the end of this year. And then the area around the O-song railroad station will be nothing but a wasted land
Based on factors of both successful and unsuccessful cases of the railroad area development projects this study suggests following points for the successful financing of the O-song railroad station area development project as Chungcheongbuk-Do pushes on forward,
First, a precise analysis about the propriety and economical efficiency of the project is necessary.
Second, the current public announcements method for the project financing is not fit for this project. The project propel style should be converted to public development style.
Third, the cooperation of the land development part and the marketing part of the local government is necessary.
Fourth, the cost risk should be minimized in case of delay in provision of project and unpredictable situation.
Fifth, the win-win system should be constructed through a reasonable distribution of the risk and earnings among the participants of the project.
Sixth, a capability to operate the business by joining the participating companies must be possessed.
Seventh, a plan should be devised so the residents in the development zone of the O-song railroad station area can take a part in the project. Cash compensation would be possible for the substitution of the land..
Conclusively, the project financing for the O-song railroad station area development project will succeed, when all these terms are met. These factors are to be applied to not only the O-song railroad station area development project but also all the large scale development project including the railroad station area development project.