학교상담제도의 국제비교연구 = School-based Counseling: An International Comparison

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The present study aimed to offer future directions of school-based counseling system in Korea by examining the trends of overseas school counseling system. Specifically, the roles and functions of school counselors in other countries, as well as school counseling system and legislations, were investigated in order to discuss the future prospects of Korean school counseling system. A total of six countries were incorporated in the study including not only the United States, the United Kingdom, Taiwan, and Israel, whose history of school counseling is long, but also Japan and Turkey, where school counseling policy was relatively recently implemented. In result, it was found that some countries adopted the comprehensive school counseling model (U.S., Taiwan, Turkey, and Israel), while others applied individual therapeutic counseling model (UK and Japan). In addition, the study was able to identify countries with well-established school counseling systems and laws, countries with distinct identity of school counseling from normal counseling. Furthermore, it was found that in all six countries, political, economic, and social changes have directly influenced on school counseling policy and its development. The study is meaningful that it suggested that the mid - and long - term systems and policies needed for school counseling in Korea by studying the systems and policies of school counseling in other countries.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 해외의 학교상담의 동향을 파악하여 우리나라 학교상담이 나아갈 방향에 대해서 논하고자 함이다. 구체적으로 다른 나라의 학교상담자들이 하고 있는 업무와 역할을 파악하고, 이를 뒷받침 하는 제도와 법령을 살펴보아 우리나라 학교상담의 발전방향을 제안하고자 하였다. 분석의 내용이 되는 나라는 총 6개 나라로 미국, 영국, 대만과 같이 학교상담의 역사가 오래된 나라들뿐만 아니라 상대적으로 최근에 학교상담 정책을 도입한 일본과 터키와 같은 나라의 학교상담 정책을 조사하였다. 연구결과, 미국의 학교상담 모형을 받아들여 종합적 학교상담모형을 적용한 나라(미국, 대만, 터키, 이스라엘)와 기존의 개인상담 치료모형을 적용한 나라(영국, 일본)로 나누어 볼 수 있었다. 또한, 학교상담 관련 제도와 법령이 잘 갖춰진 나라, 일반상담과는 상이한 학교상담만의 정체성이 분명한 나라 등을 파악할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 모든 나라에 있어 정치, 경제, 사회적인 변동과 변화가 학교상담 정책에 직접적인 영향을 주고 있음을 파악할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 다른 나라의 학교상담의 제도와 정책을 대상으로 연구를 함으로써 우리나라 학교상담에 필요한 중장기 제도와 정책이 무엇인지를 제안하였다는 점에서 그 의의를 찾을 수 있다.

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