기업가정신 및 사회적자본이 지식경영과 혁신에 미치는 영향 : 중소기업 이업종융합회를 중심으로 = (The) relationship between CEO's entrepreneurship/social capital, knowledge management and innovation, and the moderating effect of convergence federation in small & medium business

국문 초록 (Abstract)

기업가정신 및 사회적자본이 지식경영에 미치는 효과에 대한 분석결과 진취성과 신뢰가 지식획득에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 위험감수성, 진취성, 신뢰, 비전공유는 지식활용에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.
지식획득의 경우 혁신성, 위험감수성, 비전공유는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났는데, 이러한 결과는 이들 변수가 진취성 및 신뢰와의 다중공선성에 따른 결과로 풀이된다. 따라서 지식획득활동을 활성화하기 위해서는 CEO의 진취성과 직원들 상호간 신뢰가 매우 중요하며, CEO의 혁신성이나 위험감수성, 구성원들의 비전공유도 필요하다. 기업가정신 중 CEO의 위험감수성은 지식획득에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 분석 되었으나 이업종융합회 참여여부에 따른 조절효과 분석결과 참여기업은
긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나, 이업종융합회 참여기업의 경우 CEO의 위험감수성향이 높을수록 미 참여기업에 비해 지식획득에 미치는 긍정적 효과가 높게 나타났다.
다음으로 기업가정신과 사회적자본이 지식활용에 미치는 효과에 대한 검증결과 위험감수성, 진취성, 신뢰, 비전공유는 지식획득에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 혁신성은 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 지식활용을 극대화하기 위해서는 CEO의 위험감수성, CEO의 진취성, 직원들 상호간 신뢰 및 비전공유가 매우 중요함을 알 수 있다. 또한 위험감수성, 진취성, 신뢰, 비전공유과 지식획득의 긍정적 관계는 이업종융합회 참여여부에 따른 차이가 없는 것으로 나타나 참여기업과 미
참여기업 간의 긍정적 효과는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다.
지식경영이 혁신에 미치는 효과에 대한 분석결과 지식획득과 지식활용은 모두 종속변수인 조직혁신, 인사혁신, 제품혁신, 공정혁신에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.
다음으로 지식경영이 혁신(조직혁신, 인사혁신, 제품혁신, 공정혁신)에 미치는 효과가 이업종융합회 참여여부에 따라 차이가 있는가에 대한 분석결과 제품혁신에 미치는 효과는 참여기업이 미 참여기업에 비하여 높은 긍정적 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 조직혁신, 인사혁신, 공정혁신에 미치는 효과는 이업종융합회 참여여부에 따른 차이가 없는 것을 알수 있다.
이상과 같은 실증분석 결과를 바탕으로 다음과 같은 관리적 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.
첫째로 조직개편이나 인사혁신이 활성화되기 위해서는 새로운 지식이나 정보의 창출을 활성화하기 위한 노력이 요구된다. 구체적으로 제안제도나 CoP(실무동아리)의 활성화, 또는 전사적 ERP시스템의 도입이나 이것이 어려운 경우 부분적 도입과 같은 노력이 바람직할 것이다. 그리고 이러한 지식획득 활동으로 얻어진 지식이나 정보가 지식활용에 적극반영되기 위해서는 아이디어나 지식을 가치제고나 비용절감의 액수로 연계되도록 하는 것이 효과적일 것이다.
둘째로 중소기업이 동종기업에 비해 우위적 경쟁력을 갖기 위해서는 제품혁신이나 공정혁신이 요구된다. 지식획득과 지식활용이 활발하게 이루어질 때 제품혁신과 공정혁신이 적극적으로 이루어진다는 점에서 전사적 ERP나, 사무의 전산화와 의사결정, CoP나 제안제도의 활성화가 바람직하며, 고객의 소리를 수집하고, 이를 제품이나 공정개선에 반영할 수 있는 지식경영체계의 도입이 효과적이다.
셋째로 지식경영활동이 제품혁신에 미치는 효과는 이업종융합회 참여기업의 경우 비 참여기업에 비해 긍정적 효과가 크다는 점에서 내부적으로 지식경영의 활성화와 함께 회원기업들 간의 정보교류의 활성화가 바람직하다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제 1 장 서 론 ·····································································································1
• 제 1 절 문제 제기 및 연구 목적 ································································1
• 제 2 절 연구 방법 및 논문의 구성 ····························································5
• 제 2 장 이론적 배경 ··························································································7
• 제 1 절 중소기업의 이업종융합 ··································································7
• 1. 중소기업 이업종융합의 현황 ·····························································7
• 2. 중소기업 이업종융합의 개념 및 연구동향 ···································11
• 3. 중소기업 이업종융합의 특성 및 중요성 ·······································23
• 제 2 절 기업가정신에 관한 연구 ································································30
• 1. 기업가정신의 개념 ·············································································30
• 2. 기업가정신에 관한 연구동향 ···························································34
• 3. 기업가정신의 구성요소 ·····································································37
• 4. 기업가정신과 지식경영과의 관계 ···················································42
• 제 3 절 사회적자본에 관한 연구 ································································44
• 1. 사회적자본의 개념 ·············································································44
• 2. 사회적자본의 구성요소 ·····································································49
• 3. 사회적자본과 지식경영과의 관계 ···················································56
• 제 4 절 지식경영에 관한 연구 ····································································59
• 1. 지식경영의 개념 ·················································································59
• 2. 지식경영의 구성요소 ·········································································62
• 3. 지식경영의 연구동향 ·········································································68
• 4. 지식경영과 혁신과의 관계 ·······························································70
• 제 5 절 혁신에 관한 연구 ············································································75
• 1. 혁신의 개념 ·························································································75
• 2. 혁신의 유형 ·························································································77
• 제 3 장 연구의 설계 ························································································83
• 제 1 절 연구모형 및 가설 설정 ··································································83
• 1. 연구모형 ·······························································································83
• 2. 가설 설정 ·····························································································84
• 제 2 절 변수의 측정 및 분석방법 ······························································89
• 제 3 절 표본추출방법 및 표본의 구성 ······················································94
• 제 4 절 변수의 타당성 및 신뢰성 ······························································96
• 제 4 장 조사결과의 분석 ··············································································102
• 제 1 절 연구변수의 상관관계 ···········