정서인지기능이 탈화제 발언(脫話題 發言; off-topic speech)에 미치는 효과 = A Role of Emotion Recognition in Off-Topic Speech

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 정서인지기능이 탈화제 발언(脫話題 發言)에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 탈화제 발언(OTS: Off-Topic Speech)이란 화제에서 벗어나는 이야기를 말하는 것으로, 이야기의 초점이 맞지 않고 일관성이 결여된 것이 그 특성이다. OTS가 노년기에 자주 발견되는 원인은 주로 억제결함가설과 실용적 변화가설로 설명되어 왔으나, 연구결과는 일관되지 않거나 또 다른 원인에 대한 가능성을 시사하였다. 본 연구에서는 대화 장면에서 중요한 역할을 하지만 노화에 따라 감퇴하는 얼굴 및 언어적 정서인지기능이 OTS 발생의 관련요인일 수 있음을 가정하여, 선행연구에서 검증대상이었던 억제기능, 일반지능, 사회기능과 함께 연령차를 살펴보고, 제 기능이 OTS에 미치는 영향력을 알아보았다. 그 결과, 노인은 청년에 비해 억제기능, 정서인지기능, 일반지능이 저조하였으며, 노인의 감퇴한 얼굴정서 인지기능은 연령과 더불어 OTS 예측요인으로 나타났다. 논의에서 본 연구 결과의 함의, 제한점 및 추후 연구 방향에 대해 기술하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Off-Topic Speech (OTS) refers to speech that may start with a particular topic but quickly becomes prolonged, unconstrained, and irrelevant to that topic. Key determinants of OTS are lack of focus and lack of coherence. Inhibitory deficits and pragmatic changes in communicative goals have been proposed as causes for age-linked OTS. The present study investigated whether OTS might be related to a difficulty in decoding emotional states from facial expressions and lexical stimuli. Participants were 69 younger (18-27 years; M = 21.75, 34 male & 35 female) and 68 older (63-86 years; M = 72.22, 33 male & 35 female) adults. Participants were asked to recognize emotions expressed either facially or lexically, then tell stories about 4 topics. They were also asked to test inhibition ability, crystallized intelligence, fluid intelligence, and social competence. The results showed that older adults were less accurate in recognizing facial and lexical emotion as compared to younger adults for all basic emotions, including happiness, fear, anger, disgust, sadness, and surprise. Older adults’ OTS levels were higher than those of younger adults. The facial recognition ability and age were related to OTS, and these variables were significant predictors of OTS among older adults. These findings suggest that declining emotion recognition ability along with inhibitory deficits may be another cognitive determinant of OTS.

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