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      The local economic development corporation : legal and financial guidelines

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      https://www.riss.kr/link?id=M613158

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      목차 (Table of Contents)

      • CONTENTS
      • PART Ⅰ. ORGANIZING AN LEDC
      • LEDCs MAY TAKE VARIOUS FORMS = 1
      • Bibliography = 1
      • THE LEDC AS BROKER-SPONSOR FOR LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT = 3
      • CONTENTS
      • PART Ⅰ. ORGANIZING AN LEDC
      • LEDCs MAY TAKE VARIOUS FORMS = 1
      • Bibliography = 1
      • THE LEDC AS BROKER-SPONSOR FOR LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT = 3
      • The LEDC's Role as Broker-Sponsor = 3
      • Checklist of activities = 3
      • Alternative forms of organization = 4
      • Bibliography = 4
      • THE LEDC AS A SOURCE OF FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE = 5
      • The Concept of Leverage = 5
      • Local Development Companies(Section 502) = 5
      • Small Business Investment Companies = 6
      • Comparison of SBIC and Local Development Companies = 7
      • Bibliography = 8
      • LEDC AND OTHER SOURCES OF TECHNICAL AND MANAGERIAL ASSISTANCE AND MANPOWER TRAINING = 9
      • Need for Assistance = 9
      • Assistance for Minority Business Enterprise = 9
      • Federal programs = 10
      • National private sector commitments = 10
      • Developing the local package = 10
      • State OMBEs = 10
      • Technical and Management Assistance = 10
      • Small Business Administration = 11
      • Economic Development Administration = 11
      • Department of Labor = 11
      • Department of Agriculture = 11
      • Business Counseling = 11
      • Establishment of a management assistance program by an LEDC = 11
      • Complete supervision by a management firm = 13
      • Professional businessmen's associations = 13
      • On-The-Job Training for Managers =13
      • Establishing a new business = 13
      • Purchasing an existing business = 14
      • Managerial training in larger businesses = 14
      • Classroom Instruction for Managers = 14
      • Federal Manpower Training = 15
      • Bibliography = 16
      • HOW AN LEDC MAY QUALIFY FOR TAX-EXEMPT STATUS = 17
      • Steps in Qualifying Under Section 501(c)(3) = 17
      • Organizational test = 17
      • How to obtain IRS determination = 18
      • Permissible Activities = 18
      • IRS rulings = 19
      • Prohibited Activities = 20
      • "Action" organizations = 20
      • "Public" charities and private foundations = 20
      • Prohibited transactions = 21
      • Other Tax Aspects = 22
      • Form 990A(annual report) = 22
      • Unrelated business income = 23
      • Social Welfare Organizations = 23
      • Bibliography = 23
      • PRESERVING ARMS-LENGTH RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NONPROFIT AND PROFITMAKING ENTITIES = 24
      • Restrictions = 24
      • Guidelines for avoiding potential conflicts of interest = 24
      • ORGANIZING AN LEDC AS A NONPROFIT MEMBERSHIP CORPORATION = 26
      • Shaping of Corporate Papers = 26
      • Articles of incorporation = 26
      • By-laws = 26
      • Patterns for Participation = 27
      • Membership restricted to residents = 27
      • Alternatives to restricting membership to residents = 28
      • Directors, advisory committees, employees = 28
      • Role of Members in Policymaking = 28
      • Election of directors = 28
      • Other voting rights = 29
      • Rights of inspection and other rights = 29
      • Bibliography = 29
      • PROFITMAKING CORPORATIONS IN WHICH EARNINGS ARE SHARED BY COMMUNITY RESIDENTS = 30
      • Use of Stock Corporation Format = 30
      • Choice of State of incorporation = 30
      • Organizational papers = 30
      • Potential Classes of Ownership Interest = 31
      • Management personnel and other employees = 31
      • Sponsoring organization or community action group = 31
      • Members of the "poor" community = 31
      • Other investors = 32
      • Voting Control Within the Corporation = 32
      • Community control of decisions = 32
      • Liability of Directors and Officers = 33
      • Community Advisory Groups = 33
      • Bibliography = 33
      • SETTING UP A COMMUNITY TRUST TO DISTRIBUTE PROFITS FROM AN LEDC-SPONORED BUSINESS = 34
      • How Shall Profits Be Allocated? = 34
      • Form of organization to be chosen = 34
      • Checklist of factors to consider = 34
      • Setting up a Community Trust = 34
      • PART Ⅱ. KINDS OF LEDC-SUPPORTED ENTERPRISES
      • SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES(SBICs) = 36
      • What Is an SBIC? = 36
      • Ownership and Control of SBICs = 36
      • Leveraging the SBIC = 36
      • The SBIC record = 37
      • Types of SBIC Investments = 37
      • Size of small businesses = 38
      • Long-term loans = 38
      • Equity and venture capital financing = 39
      • Other permissible financings = 40
      • Restrictions on SBIC Investments = 40
      • Prohibited uses of funds = 40
      • Conflicts of interest = 41
      • Formation of an SBIC = 41
      • Incorporation under State law = 42
      • SBIC licensing procedures = 45
      • Managerial requirements = 45
      • Bibliography = 46
      • ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF PROPRIETORSHIPS, PARTNERSHIPS, AND CORPORATIONS = 47
      • Choice of Business Form = 47
      • Sole Proprietorship = 47
      • Partnership = 47
      • Corporation = 48
      • Tax Considerations = 48
      • Fringe Benefits = 49
      • Bibliography = 49
      • PRESERVATION OF CORPORATE CONTROL BY MINORITY ENTREPRENEUR = 50
      • The Problem of Control = 50
      • Methods of Allocation = 50
      • Classes of securities and voting rights = 50
      • Stock options = 51
      • Preemptive rights = 51
      • Certificate of incorporation and by-laws = 51
      • Community control of profit distribution = 51
      • Bibliography = 51
      • ACQUISITION OF EXISTING FIRMS = 52
      • Problems Faced by the Buyer = 52
      • Putting Together a Negotiating Team = 52
      • Determining Whether the Acquiree Is a Good Business To Buy = 52
      • Financial statements = 52
      • Analyzing financial statements = 53
      • Initial evaluation of the acquiree = 54
      • Determining What Is a Fair Price = 54
      • Structuring the Purchase(Non-Tax Considerations) = 55
      • Advantages of stock acquisition approach = 55
      • Disadvantages of stock acquisition = 55
      • Advantages of asset acquisition approach = 55
      • Disadvantages of asset acquisition = 55
      • Structuring the Purchase(Tax Considerations) = 55
      • Seller's profit as ordinary income or capital gains = 56
      • Seller's tax basis for assets sold = 56
      • Tax aspects of purchase of various business entities = 56
      • Financing the Purchase = 57
      • The down payment-the LEDC's role = 57
      • Using notes in structuring a purchase = 58
      • Contingent payouts = 58
      • Bootstrap financing = 58
      • Ensuring That the Acquiree Is What It Is Represented To Be = 59
      • The purchase agreement = 59
      • Representations and warranties = 59
      • Seller's affirmative and negative covenants = 61
      • Conditions precedent to the buyer's obligation to close = 61
      • Closing = 61
      • Indemnification and damages = 61
      • Miscellaneous clauses = 62
      • Handling Breach of Contract = 63
      • Matters discovered prior to closing = 63
      • Breach of contract after closing = 63
      • Labor-Management Questions = 64
      • Landlord's Right To Cancel Lease if Stock Ownership Changes Substantially = 64
      • Retaining Existing Management Expertise = 64
      • Retaining the seller as a co-owner = 64
      • Use of an employment agreement = 65
      • Relationship with the seller = 65
      • Other management problems = 65
      • Bibliography = 65
      • FRANCHISED BUSINESSES = 66
      • What Is Franchising and How Do You Use It? = 66
      • LEDC should consider opportunities = 66
      • Basic franchising relationships = 66
      • Advantages of a franchise for the minority businessman = 66
      • Disadvantages of a franchise for the minority businessman = 67
      • Stimulating Establishment of Minority-Owned Franchises = 67
      • Locating, Selecting, and Qualifying for the Franchise = 68
      • Sources of information and their use = 68
      • Initial communications with the franchisor = 69
      • Selecting the franchise = 69
      • Checklists for Selecting the Franchise = 69
      • Cost of a Franchise = 70
      • Financing the Franchise = 71
      • Negotiating Key Contract Terms = 71
      • Cancellation or termination of the franchise = 71
      • Sale or transfer of the franchise : limitation, valuation, and taxation = 72
      • Bibliography = 73
      • COOPERATIVES = 74
      • What is a Cooperative = 74
      • Co-ops compared with corporations = 74
      • Rochdale principles = 74
      • Changes in usage for the low-income co-op = 74
      • Forms of Cooperatives = 75
      • Consumer cooperatives = 75
      • Producer cooperatives = 76
      • Service cooperatives = 76
      • Operational Attributes and Problems of Cooperatives = 76
      • Incorporation = 77
      • Out-of-State cooperatives = 78
      • Roles of board and management = 78
      • Taxation of cooperatives = 78
      • Distribution of earnings = 79
      • Initial capital = 79
      • Bibliography = 80
      • THE CHAIN-INDEPENDENT RETAIL STORE = 81
      • The Concept = 81
      • The Structure = 81
      • The technical assistance organization = 81
      • Wholesaler = 81
      • Management company = 81
      • Local development company = 83
      • Retailer = 83
      • Advantages to the Parties = 83
      • Retailer = 83
      • Wholesaler = 84
      • Technical assistance organization = 85
      • Community = 85
      • Comparison With Other Forms of Business Operation = 86
      • Expansion of the Concept Into Other Fields = 86
      • SHOPPING CENTERS = 88
      • The Opportunity = 88
      • Types of Shopping Centers = 88
      • Economics of Shopping Centers = 88
      • The prime factor-location = 88
      • Initial financing needs = 89
      • Local Financing Source To Be Considered = 90
      • Putting the Tenants Together = 90
      • Legal Pitfalls in Acquiring the Site = 90
      • Zoning = 90
      • Utilities = 90
      • Building and fire codes = 91
      • Test borings = 91
      • The Mortgage Application = 91
      • The Shopping Center Lease = 91
      • Where To Seek Help = 91
      • International Council of Shopping Centers = 91
      • Urban Land Institute = 92
      • Joint venture with experienced developer = 92
      • Tie-in with major chain = 92
      • Bibliography = 92
      • HOUSING PROJECTS = 93
      • The Impact of Housing Projects on the Community = 93
      • How To Develop a Housing Project = 93
      • The development team = 93
      • The need for seed money = 94
      • The project site = 94
      • Selection of financing program and sponsor = 95
      • Mortgage processing = 96
      • Federal Financing Programs Under HUD = 98
      • "Workable program" prerequisite = 98
      • Public housing for low-income families = 98
      • Housing for middle-, moderate-, and lower-income families = 99
      • FHA programs = 99
      • Rehabilitation loans = 103
      • Other housing programs = 103
      • Urban renewal = 103
      • State and Local Programs = 105
      • Real property tax abatement = 106
      • Land acquisition and write-down = 106
      • Seed money and technical assistance = 106
      • Below-market interest rate mortgage loans = 107
      • Rehabilitation process = 107
      • Housing development corporations = 107
      • Special assistance program = 107
      • Opportunity for Local Contractors = 107
      • Legislative and other support = 108
      • Bonding programs = 108
      • Bibliography = 109
      • INDUSTRIAL PROJECTS INVOLVING OUTSIDE CORPORATIONS = 110
      • Role of the LEDC = 110
      • Projects may take several forms = 110
      • Subsidiary or Division Approach = 110
      • Organization = 110
      • Qualification = 110
      • Minority representation = 111
      • Taxation = 111
      • Outside financing = 111
      • Management = 111
      • Liability of parent for subsidiary's obligations = 111
      • Joint Ventures = 111
      • Organizational formalities = 112
      • Limitation of liability = 112
      • Continuity and permanence of enterprise = 112
      • Transferability of interests = 112
      • Availability of financing = 113
      • Ownership and control = 113
      • Tax considerations = 114
      • Contract Approach = 116
      • Guaranteed market = 116
      • Subcontracts = 117
      • Rendering managerial, marketing, financial, or technical assistance = 117
      • Loans and guarantees = 117
      • Additional Considerations = 118
      • Ultra vires and corporate waste = 118
      • Restrictions in corporate legal documents = 118
      • Labor relations problems = 118
      • Reverse discrimination = 118
      • Property acquisition = 119
      • Bibliography = 119
      • PLAN FOR EMPLOYEE PARTICIPATION IN OWNERSHIP OF A LARGE CORPORATION = 120
      • The LEDC as Sponsor of the Plan = 120
      • Assumptions = 120
      • Benefits to the employer = 120
      • Who contributes to the plan? = 120
      • The risk of loss = 120
      • Qualifying for tax advantages = 121
      • When are benefits vested and distributed? = 121
      • Employee participation in plan management = 121
      • Who manages the plan? = 121
      • Leveraging by an Employee Plan = 122
      • Choosing the Plan = 122
      • Alternative plans for distribution = 123
      • Stock bonus plan = 123
      • Stock option plan = 123
      • Donative transfer of stock = 123
      • Profit-sharing plan = 124
      • Employee savings plan = 124
      • PART Ⅲ. FINANCING THE LEDC AND RELATED ORGANIZATIONS
      • ELEMENTS OF SOUND FISCAL MANAGEMENT NEEDED TO OBTAIN FINANCING = 126
      • Requirements of Sound Fiscal Management = 126
      • Planning = 126
      • Budgeting = 126
      • Controlling = 126
      • Reporting = 127
      • Financial Statements = 127
      • The Importance of Fiscal Management = 127
      • Bibliography = 127
      • TAX ASPECTS OF SEEKING FUNDS FOR LEDC ACTIVITIES = 128
      • Tax Aspects of Seeking Funds That Need Not Be Repaid = 128
      • Tax savings as an inducement for contributions = 128
      • Business deductions as an inducement for contributions = 128
      • Tax Aspects of Seeking Repayable Funds = 129
      • Bibliography = 132
      • FOUNDATIONS AS A SOURCE OF INITIAL GRANT FINANCING = 130
      • Grant Funds = 130
      • Sources of Information on Foundations = 130
      • How To Draft a Proposal = 130
      • Form of the proposal = 130
      • Sample checklist for grant proposals = 131
      • Management Evaluation = 131
      • Multiplier Effect of Grant = 131
      • Follow-Ups = 132
      • Foundation Diversity = 132
      • Bibliography = 132
      • FOUNDATIONS AS A SOURCE OF LOANS AND EQUITY CAPITAL = 133
      • Basis for Investment by Foundations = 133
      • Examples of Foundation Activity = 133
      • Evaluation of Potential Investments = 133
      • Relationship to program goals = 133
      • Financial criteria = 134
      • Terms of Investments = 134
      • Specific charitable purpose of investment = 134
      • Restrictions on use of funds = 134
      • Requirements for reports = 134
      • Some Guidelines for Preparing Investment Proposals = 134
      • CHURCH GROUPS AS A SOURCE OF FUNDS = 135
      • Church Activity = 135
      • Analysis of Existing Investment Programs = 135
      • Criteria for investment = 135
      • Loans = 136
      • Loans combined with equity = 136
      • Other forms of investment = 137
      • Efforts by Individual Churches = 137
      • Combination grant and equity = 137
      • Housing sponsorship = 137
      • New Organizations Channeling Interfaith Efforts = 137
      • FEDERAL SOURCES OF FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE = 138
      • Sources of Information on Federal Programs = 138
      • OEO Special Impact Grants = 138
      • Qualification for special aid = 138
      • Operation of the Special Impact program = 139
      • Use of Special Impact funds = 139
      • Assistance Under the Public Works and Economic Development Act = 139
      • Redevelopment areas = 140
      • Title I areas = 140
      • Loans from EDA in Redevelopment Areas = 140
      • Grants and loans for public works and development facilities = 141
      • Technical assistance = 141
      • Model Cities Program = 141
      • SBA Loan and Guarantee Programs = 141
      • Local development companies(Section 502) = 141
      • Small Business Investment Companies(SBICs) = 141
      • SBA regular business loan program = 141
      • Economic Opportunity Loans = 142
      • SBA lease guarantees = 143
      • Veterans Administration Loan Guarantees = 143
      • Bibliography = 143
      • Annex-Opportunity Funding Corporation = 143
      • STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTAL SOURCES OF FINANCING = 145
      • Access to Funds Tied to a Public Purpose = 145
      • Federal restrictions on the use of industrial revenue bonds = 145
      • Use of tax-exempt bonds to finance local economic development = 145
      • Uses of the Funds = 145
      • Improvement of basic facilities in the community = 146
      • Attracting private industry into the community = 146
      • Redeveloping land use in the community = 146
      • Redevelopment of new communities = 146
      • Legal Approaches to the Issue of Tax-Exempt Bonds = 147
      • Issue of bonds by public development corporations = 147
      • Issue of bonds by political subdivision = 148
      • Issue of bonds by a State industrial development authority = 148
      • Other State Sources of Financing for Business Operation and Plant Construction = 148
      • State-chartered business development corporations = 148
      • State industrial development authorities = 149
      • STOCK ISSUES AS A SOURCE OF FUNDS = 150
      • Sale of Stock To Finance LEDC Activities = 150
      • Disclosure problems regarding the high-risk situation and unsophisticated investors = 150
      • SEC and blue sky law requirements = 150
      • Exemptions Under the Securities Act = 150
      • Private placement of an issue = 150
      • Intrastate offering exemption = 151
      • Securities issued by nonprofit corporations = 152
      • No sale distribution of corporation's stock = 152
      • Use of Regulation A by an LEDC = 152
      • Advantages of a Regulation A offering = 153
      • Filing requirements = 153
      • Sale of securities by corporation = 153
      • Simplified registration for smaller offerings = 153
      • Sanctions = 154
      • Methods of marketing and costs of placement of Regulation A issues = 154
      • Application of the Securities Exchange Act = 155
      • Antifraud provisions = 155
      • State Regulation of Stock Issues = 156
      • Broker-dealer registrations = 156
      • Securities registration exemptions = 157
      • Registration procedures = 158
      • Bibliography = 158
      • INSTITUTIONAL SOURCES OF LONG-TERM LOANS = 159
      • Private Sources of Long-Term Financing = 159
      • Types of Institutions = 159
      • The Insurance Industry Commitment = 160
      • Participating companies = 160
      • Forms of investment = 160
      • Procedures that induce insurance company investment = 161
      • Security and Collateral Requirements = 162
      • Real property = 162
      • Personal property = 162
      • Legal Restrictions on Institutional Loans = 162
      • Federal banking law = 162
      • Federal Home Loan Bank = 163
      • New York State restrictions on bank loans = 163
      • New York State restrictions on loans of insurance companies = 163
      • Legal Steps in Securing Financing = 164
      • Terms to be discussed = 164
      • Provisions in loan agreement = 164
      • Procedural steps in obtaining financing from lender = 165
      • COMMERCIAL BANKS AS A SOURCE OF SHORT-TERM AND MEDIUM-TERM LOANS = 166
      • Use of Commercial Bank Financing = 166
      • Forms of financing available = 166
      • Necessity for guarantee = 166
      • Setting Up a Bank Pool Arrangement = 167
      • Establishing a service organization to make a commercial cooperative loan fund work = 167
      • Implementing the concept = 167
      • Agreement by commercial banks to pool losses = 167
      • Interest rates and term of loan = 167
      • Sources of funds for JLC operations = 167
      • Forms of community representation on board and staff of corporation = 168
      • Day-to-day operations = 168
      • Rejection of loan application = 168
      • Delinquency and defaults = 168
      • Business assistance = 168
      • Long-term commercial mortgages = 169
      • Commercial real estate mortgage lending procedure = 169
      • JLC fulfills a temporary need = 169
      • Setting Up a Group of Outside Guarantors = 169
      • 501(c)(3) organization = 169
      • Credit pool = 170
      • Commercial bank or banks = 170
      • Use of guarantee between 501(c)(3) organization, credit pool, and bank = 170
      • Loan Guarantee Approaches for an LEDC = 170
      • Provision of a guarantee by an LEDC = 170
      • Terms of a gurantee by an LEDC = 171
      • SBA Loan Gurantee Program as Community Model = 172
      • Closing of loan transaction = 172
      • Servicing of loan = 172
      • Guarantee fee = 172
      • Payment upon default = 172
      • FINANCING WITH COMPANY ASSETS = 174
      • Sources of Short-Term Credit = 174
      • Commercial banks = 174
      • Finance companies = 174
      • Seller credit = 175
      • Factors = 175
      • SBlCs, the SBA, and other government agencies = 175
      • Participations and multiple financing = 175
      • Elements Common to All Forms of Secured Credit = 175
      • Amount of credit and terms of repayment = 175
      • Finance charge = 176
      • Other charges = 176
      • Usury = 176
      • Disclosure statutes = 176
      • Restrictive covenants = 177
      • Guaranties, endorsements, and comakers = 177
      • Debt subordination = 177
      • Purchase money financing = 177
      • Real Estate Financing = 177
      • Second mortgage financing = 177
      • Leasehold financing = 178
      • Equipment Loans = 178
      • Requirements for closing of typical equipment loan = 178
      • Form of security agreement for equipment loan = 179
      • Perfection of the lender's security interest = 179
      • Accounts Receivable Financing = 179
      • Factoring = 179
      • Commercial financing = 180
      • Intangibles Financing = 181
      • Installment Purchase of Equipment = 181
      • Inventory Financing = 182
      • Leasing = 182
      • Lease vs. conditional sale contract = 182
      • Accounting practice = 182
      • Investment tax credit = 183
      • The true cost of leasing = 183
      • Sale and leaseback = 183
      • USE OF LEASE GUARANTEES = 184
      • Need for Lease Guarantees = 184
      • Beneficiaries of lease guarantees = 184
      • SBA Lease Guarantee Program = 184
      • Participation by private insurance companies = 185
      • Eligibility of Tenants = 185
      • Landlord-tenant relationship = 185
      • Qualifications for determining specific tenant eligibility-risk rating system = 185
      • Terms of Program = 186
      • Procedure for coverage = 187
      • Bibliography = 187
      • APPENDIXES
      • THE LEDC AS BROKER-SPONSOR FOR LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
      • Sample Loan Agreement Between an LEDC and a Sponsored Business = 190
      • LEDC AND OTHER SOURCES OF TECHNICAL AND MANAGERIAL ASSISTANCE AND MANPOWER TRAINING
      • Volunteer Consultant Registration Form = 192
      • General Information and Instructions for the Volunteer Consultant = 192
      • Checklist for Preliminary Interview : Information Required = 193
      • Description of Company and Purpose of Loan = 193
      • HOW AN LEDC MAY QUALIFY FOR TAX-EXEMPT STATUS
      • Sample Certificate of Incorporation of an LEDC = 194
      • Exemption Application(IRS Form 1023) = 196
      • IRS Determination Letter Issued by District Director = 200
      • ORGANIZING AN LEDC AS A NONPROFIT MEMBERSHIP CORPORATION
      • Certificate of Incorporation Under the Model Non-Profit Corporation Act = 202
      • Certificate of Incorporation Under Present N.Y. Membership Corporation Law = 202
      • Certificate of Incorporation for a Local Development Corporation Formed Under the N.Y. Not-For-Profit Corporation Law, Effective September 1, 1970 = 204
      • Articles of Incorporation of a Job Development Corporation Pursuant to the California Job Development Corporation Law = 205
      • Certificate of Incorporation of a Local Development Corporation Formed Under Section 1411 of the N.Y. Not-For-Profit Corporation Law = 205
      • PROFITMAKING CORPORATIONS IN WHICH EARNINGS ARE SHARED BY COMMUNITY RESIDENTS
      • Agreement To Form a Corporation = 206
      • Suggested Form of Certificate of Incorporation for a Local Development Company Eligible To Apply for a Loan Under Section 502 of the Small Business Investment Act of 1958, as Amended = 207
      • SMALL BUSINESS INVESTMENT COMPANIES(SBICs)
      • Questionnaire for Borrower = 209
      • Checklist for SBIC Staff = 212
      • Small Business Administration License Application = 213
      • Minutes of Organization Meeting = 218
      • Minutes of First Meeting of Directors = 219
      • THE CHAIN-INDEPENDENT RETAIL STORE
      • Checklist of Terms of Lease Purchase Agreement Between Local Economic Development Company(Landlord) and Individual Member Store Operator(Tenant) = 223
      • Agreement Between Supplier and Management Company = 223
      • Checklist for Provisions of Management Agreement Between Management Company and Individual Member Store Operator = 223
      • SHOPPING CENTERS
      • Checklist of Factors in Developing a Shopping Center = 224
      • PLAN FOR EMPLOYEE PARTICIPATION IN OWNERSHIP OF A LARGE CORPORATION
      • Model Plan for Employee Benefit Program = 227
      • FOUNDATIONS AS A SOURCE OF LOANS AND EQUITY CAPITAL
      • Sample Social Investment Requirement = 227
      • Sample Preliminary Letter Agreement = 228
      • Sample Restrictions = 228
      • Forms of Investment = 229
      • Sample Administrative Agreement = 229
      • CHURCH GROUPS AS A SOURCE OF FUNDS
      • Guide Sheet for Loan Application from MELIC = 229
      • Names and Addresses of Religious Organizations That Provide Funds for Investment = 230
      • STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTAL SOURCES OF FINANCING
      • List of State Business Development Corporations = 231
      • STOCK ISSUES AS A SOURCE OF FUNDS
      • Information To Be Included in Regulation A Offering Circular = 232
      • Outline of a Prospectus(or Offering Circular) for an Intrastate Offering = 235
      • INSTITUTIONAL SOURCES OF LONG-TERM LOANS
      • Long-Term Debt Financing = 236
      • A Form of Note = 245
      • COMMERCIAL BANKS AS A SOURCE OF SHORT-TERM AND MEDIUM-TERM LOANS
      • Letter Agreement Blanket Loan Guaranty = 245
      • Guaranty(Between Member of Credit Pool, Commercial Bank, and 501(c)(3) Organizations) = 246
      • Limited Power of Attorney = 246
      • Blanket Loan Guaranty Agreement Between〔LEDC〕and Lender = 247
      • Application for Loan Under Blanket Guaranty = 249
      • Authorization of Loan Guaranty = 249
      • USE OF LEASE GUARANTEES
      • Application for Lease Guarantee(Lessee Requirements) = 250
      • Application for Lease Guarantee(Lessor's Requirements) = 254
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