외교정책수단으로서 비밀공작(Covert Action)의 효용성 : 미국의 사례

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper was written to evaluate the utility of covert action carried out during the Cold War. That is, it examines if covert actions produce some useful outcome for achieving a country’s foreign policy goals through examining the U.S. cases. During the Cold War, the U.S. carried out a large number of covert actions all over the world. Among them, three cases were selected such as Iran(1953), Guatemala(1954), and Afghanistan(1982-1988), which are recognized as the most successful ones.
As with all other policies, the record of covert action is mixed. In a broad view, the U.S. covert actions during the Cold War were successful in a sense that they had played an important role in the collapse of the Soviet Union, protecting the Free World from the Socialist. But the three cases reveal that the final result of covert action was counter-productive for achieving its foreign policy goals in the long run although it produced some good results in a short term. In short, covert action is not recognized as the most useful means to achieve a country’s foreign policy, causing several ethical and moral problems. Considering all these problems, I would suggest that the covert action should be carried as the last resort in the situation that there is no effective alternative to it.

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