중국춘란과 춘란 교배종의 GC/MS를 이용한 향기성분 분석

국문 초록 (Abstract)

유향성의 중국춘란과 향기가 없는 한국춘란의 인공교배를 통해 유향성 춘란품종의 육종이 진행되었다. 이 연구는 중국춘란과 중국춘란 교배종의 주요 향기성분을 분석하고자 하였다. 중국춘 란 중 ‘여호접’과 ‘용자’ 그리고 ‘교배종 A’(한국춘란ב여호접’)와 ‘교배종 B’(중국춘란×한국춘란)를 GC/MS를 이용하여 향기성분 분석을 수행하였다. Gas chromatogram 분석에서 중국춘란 ‘여호 접’의 경우 총 50개의 peak가 나타났다. 그 중 5개의 주요 peak에 해당하는 향기성분으로는 farnesol (67.94%), β-farnesene( 1.45%), β-bisabolene(1.03%), perillene (0.98%), guaiacol (0.92%)인 것으로 확인되었다. 중국춘란 ‘용자’의 경우 총 37개의 peak가 나타났다. 그 중 5개의 주요 peak에 대한 성분으로는 β-pinene(75.15%), nerolidol(8.57%), methyl jasmonate(2.99%) α-farnesene(2.48%), β-farnesene (2.11%)으로 추정되었다. ‘교배종 A’의 경우, 총 47개의 peak가 나타났다. 그 중 6개의 주요 peak에 대한 성분으로는 β-caryophyllene(58.72%), trans-α-bergamotene (15.92%), α-selinene(4.02%), α-farnesene(3.49%), β-farnesene (3.48%), nerolidol(2.62%)인 것으로 사료되었다. ‘교배종 B’의 경우, 총 31개의 peak가 나타났다. 그 중 9개의 주요 peak에 대한 성분으로는 guaiacol(23.38%), 1,4-dimethoxybenzene (12.59%), β-farnesene(10.62%), benzyl alcohol(10.49%), methyl jasmonate(6.46%), trans-α-bergamotene(4.29%), perillene(4.27%), β-caryophyllen(3.85%), methyl heptenone(3.08%)인 것으로 판 단되었다. 4개의 춘란 종류에서 공통적으로 발현되는 향기성분 은 β-farnesene이었다. 중국춘란 품종에서 발견되지 않았던 α-cedrene, cis-α-bergamotene, santalene, eryngial, veratrol, nerylacetone 등의 휘발성분들이 ‘교배종 A’와 ‘교배종 B’에서 검출되었다. 그 중 ‘교배종 A’와 ‘교배종 B’에서 공통으로 발견된 trans-α-bergamotene은 한국춘란 교배친에서 유래된 것으로 추 정된다. 이는 중국춘란과 한국춘란간의 교배과정을 통해 새로 운 향기성분조성을 지니는 품종을 창출할 수 있다는 것을 암시 하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Cross-hybridization between fragrant Cymbidium forrestii ROLF and non-fragrant C. goeringii LINDLEY was performed to produce new fragrant hybrids. The aim of this study was to identify the major f ragrance components in C. forrestii ‘Yeohojeop’ and ‘Yongja’, and the hybrids C. goeringii × ‘Yeohojeop’ (hybrid A) and C. forrestii × C. goeringii (hybrid B) using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses. In total, 50 peaks were observed in the gas chromatogram of ‘Yeohojeop’, with five major peaks appearing to correspond with farnesol (67.94%), β-farnesene (1.45%), β-bisabolene (1.03%), perillene (0.98%), and guaiacol (0.92%). The gas chromatogram of ‘Yongja’ included 37 peaks, five of which were presumed to be β-pinene (75.15%), nerolidol (8.57%), methyl jasmonate (2.99%), α-farnesene (2.48%), and β-farnesene (2.11%). A total of 47 peaks were observed in the gas chromatogram of ‘hybrid A’, six of which were considered to be β-caryophyllene (58.72%), trans-α-bergamotene (15.92%), α-selinene (4.02%), α-farnesene (3.49%), β-farnesene (3.48%), and nerolidol (2.62%). Finally, among the 31 peaks from ‘hybrid B’, nine major peaks were presumed to be guaiacol (23.38%), 1,4-dimethoxybenzene (12.59%), β-farnesene (10.62%), benzyl alcohol (10.49%), methyl jasmonate (6.46%), trans-α-bergamotene (4.29%), perillene (4.27%), β-caryophyllen (3.85%), and methyl heptenone (3.08%). Among these fragrance components, β-farnesene was most commonly detected in these four Cymbidium taxa. Some volatiles that were not detectable in C. forrestii were d etected in hybrids A a nd B , su ch a s α-cedrene, cis-α-bergamotene, santalene, eryngial, veratrol, nerylacetone, and trans-α-bergamotene, and so these are presumed to have originated from C. goeringii. Thus, it appears that hybrids with new fragrance compositions can be bred through the cross-hybridization of C. forrestii with C. goeringii.

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