Quantification of Breast Composition by Using a Dual-energy Technique with a Photon-counting Detector: Monte Carlo Simulation Studies

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Photon-counting detectors with energy-discrimination capabilities are able to reduce radiationdose and suppress noise compared with conventional detectors for X-ray imaging. These detectorsare suitable for spectral X-ray imaging because they can measure the energy of each photonand provide spectral information. One potential application of photon-counting detectors withenergy-discrimination capabilities is the quantification of breast composition by using dual-energytechniques. In this study, we implemented quantitative breast imaging with dual-energy techniquesby using Monte Carlo simulations. An X-ray imaging system was simulated with a photon-countingdetector based on cadmium zinc telluride and a micro-focus X-ray tube. In order to decompose threematerials with two spectral measurements, we applied an additional constraint that the sum of thevolumes of each material be equivalent to the volume of the mixture. Inverse fitting functions withthe least-squares estimation were used to obtain fitting coefficients and calculate volume fractionsfor each material. The results showed that the degree of decomposition for the composition includedin the mixtures varied with the type of composition and the inverse fitting function. High-orderfitting functions increased the quantitative accuracy, but the uncertainty of the decomposed imageswas increased for high-order fitting functions. This study demonstrates that it is possible to quantifybreast composition by using dual-energy techniques and photon-counting detectors without anadditional exposure and that the decomposed images should be evaluated by considering both theiruncertainties and quantitative accuracies.

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