한국어, 독일어의 반복독서효과에 상황모형이 미치는 영향 = The Role of a Situation Model mediates Text Repetition Effects during the Korean-German Bilingual Reading

국문 초록 (Abstract)

유사한 글을 반복해서 읽을 때의 이득(예: 독서시간 절약)은 어떻게 매개되는가? 글의 정보가 각각 표면특성(surface feature), 텍스트기저(textbase) 및 상황모형(situation model)수준에서 저장된다고 가정할 때, 반복독서효과는 글의 표면특성이나 텍스트기저보다는 독자가 능동적으로 찾아내는 글의 의미구조인 상황모형을 통해 매개된다는 맥락의존적 표상모델(Raney, 2003)의 한 가설을 본 연구에서는 검증하였다. 한국어와 독일어에 모두 능통한 이중언어 사용자 80명을 대상으로 여러 종류로 변형된 이야기를 유사한 혹은 달라진 상황모형안에서 한국어와 독일어로 제시하였다. 각각의 글에 대한 독서시간을 측정하였을 때 상황모형만 유사하면, 첫 번째와 두 번째 독서시에 원본과 번역본이 서로 교차되어 글의 언어가 바뀌어도 새 글에 비해 더 빨리 처리됨을 관찰하였다. 상황모형이 변화된 글은 표면특성과 텍스트기저가 유사해도 새 글을 읽는 시간에 비해 이득을 찾을 수 없었다. 이 연구결과는 한국어와 독일어의 글이 표면특성과 텍스트기저에서 차이가 있어도 상황모형을 서로 공유하기 때문에 반복독서의 효과가 매개됨을 보여준다. 논의에서는 반복독서효과에 관한 후속연구들의 진행방향을 다루었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Suppose you read a novel twice. The odds are high that you will read it faster during the second reading. This is known as a text repetition effect. This study examined the factors that facilitate rereading. To explain text repetition effects, Raney(2003) proposed a context-dependent representation model. The basic assumptions of the model are that the surface features and textbase are represented in a context-independent manner, and that a coherent situation model binds together the surface features and the text base and leads to context-dependent representation. When a situation model is well developed, overlapping situation models support a rereading benefit. Little or no repetition benefit is expected, when situation models are well developed but there is no semantic overlap between them. In this case, repeating surface forms and textbase will not produce repetition effects. This experiment explored whether rereading effects transfer across two different languages. Fluent Korean-German bilinguals read texts twice either in the same language or in the different, while the texts shared either only the words or also the situations. Repetition effects were found only for texts, in which situation models were preserved, although the translations altered the surface form and textbase. This results demonstrate that the role of a situation model is important for bilingual repetition effects, and that the context-dependent model provides a theoretically meaningful guide for understanding and explaining text repetition effects.

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