테러리스트의 심리적 동기 및 테러발생원인 사례분석 = Case Study on the Psychological Motive of Terrorists and the Cause of Terrorism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the psychological motive of terrorists and figure out its relationship with terrorism. This study would be useful to prevent terrorism or to negotiate with terrorists when terrorisms occur. The study analyzed terrorism cases, which occurred during 1990s and after, because terrorism trends had changed after the collapse of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1991 and those before 1990’s are not much relevant to the understanding of recent terrorisms.
It was difficult to collect credible materials on the terrorists’ psychological status and growing environment. The number of terrorism cases is small and it was impossible for us to interview the terrorists directly. Therefore, case study was selected as the most proper research method for this study.
We gathered several data of terrorists from 1990 to 2012, by looking into Internet and bibliography. Among the data, we investigated six major terrorists’ personal characteristics, psychological status and etc, whose data are relatively credible.
We applied three basic psychological theories to analyze the cases: Frustration-Aggression, Negative Identity and Narcissistic Rage theory. Although terrorists are different from each other, they are found to be similar in their terrible childhood and single parent. However, this study has limitations in the analyzed data’s volume to conclude the finding to be general.
The government may need to collect data on terrorism organizations and terrorists as much as possible and make these database become similar to criminal profiles to prevent from terrorism or minimize damage by terrorists.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문의 목적은 테러리스트의 심리적 동기와 테러발생원인모색의 연관 관계 연구이다. 이 연구는 테러행위를 예방하거나, 테러가 발생했을 때 테러리스트와 협상을 진행하는데 있어 유용할 것이다.
1990년대와 그 이후에 발생한 테러사건들을 연구 대상으로 하였으며, 그 이유는 1991년 소비에트연방의 붕괴 이후 테러의 경향이 변화하여 1990년대 이전의 테러 사건들은 최근의 테러들을 이해하는데 있어 유의미하지 않기 때문이다.
테러리스트의 심리적 상태와 성장환경에 대한 신뢰성 있는 자료를 수집하기 어려웠고, 테러사건의 수가 적으며, 테러리스트와의 직접 인터뷰가 불가능한 점을 고려, 가장 적합한 연구방법으로 사례 연구를 채택, 수행하였다.
1990년부터 2012년까지 테러리스트들의 자료를 인터넷과 서적들을 통해 수집하였으며, 수집된 자료중 상대적으로 신뢰성이 있는 자료 확보가 가능한 6명의 테러리스트에 대한 개인적 특징과 심리적 상태 등을 분석하였다.
좌절-공격 가설, 부정적인 정체성 가설, 자기애적 격노 가설을 사례 분석에 적용하였으며, 테러리스트마다 차이는 있으나 불우한 유년기, 결손 가정 같은 비정상적 성장환경을 겪었다는데 있어 유사성을 발견할 수 있었다. 그러나 연구 대상의 수가 적어 이를 바로 일반화시킬 수는 없었다.
정부는 테러 조직, 테러리스트에 관한 자료를 가능한 많이 수집하여 범죄자 프로파일링과 같은 데이터베이스를 구축할 필요성이 있으며, 이를 통해 테러로 인한 피해를 예방 또는 최소화할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

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