자기초점주의 유형이 자전기억 과일반화와 우울 기분 감소에 미치는 효과: 경험적 및 분석적 자기초점주의 = Effects of Experiential and Analytical Self-Focused Attention on Reduction of Over-general Autobiographical Memory and Depressive Mood

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study hypothesized and examined that experiential self-focused attention, which is an adaptive type of self-focused attention would be superior to analytical self-focused attention and distraction on reduction of over-general autobiographical memory and depressive mood. Among 613 undergraduates 106 depressed subjects were selected based on their scores of the CES-D. The subjects were assigned randomly to one of experiential and analytical self-focused attention, distraction, and non-treatment conditions. All subjects completed the Autobiographical Memory Test and depression test(BRUMS) twice. The findings of this study were as follows; There were no significant differences on over-general autobiographical memory between 4 conditions. But in post treatment there were significant differences on depression, that is the subjects under the distractive condition reported less depressive mood than subjects under the other conditions. In conclusion, this study did not confirm the hypothesis, suggesting distraction, not experiential self-focused attention, was associated with a reduction in depressive mood. Therefore, limitations of this study and suggestions for future studies were discussed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 자기초점주의의 순기능 및 역기능적 요소에 초점을 맞춰 경험적 자기초점주의를 유도한 집단에서 분석적 초점주의를 유도한 집단 및 참조집단보다 긍정적 및 부정적 자전기억의 일반화와 우울기분이 감소되는지 확인하고자 시도되었다. 613명의 남여 대학생의 CES-D 점수를 바탕으로 우울 점수 상위 20% 이내에 드는 106명을 피험자로 선발하였고, 이들을 분석적 자기초점주의, 경험적 자기초점주의, 주의분산, 그리고 비처치 집단에 무선 할당하였다. 우울기분은 부르널 기분척도(BRUMS), 그리고 자전기억은 Mackinger 등(2000)과 Williams 등(1986)의 절차를 사용하여 평가하였다. 연구 결과, 자전기억 일반화에서는 처치 유형에 따른 차이가 없었고, 분석적 자기초점주의 뿐만이 아니라 경험적 자기초점주의도 우울 감소에 도움이 되지 않았으며, 본 연구에서 참조집단으로 사용한 주의분산 처치가 오히려 우울을 감소시키는데 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 이 같은 결과에 대해 주의분산이 가벼운 우울 기분에 더 효과적이고 경험적 자기초점주의 유도는 지속적인 우울과 우울증 재발을 막는데 더 효과적일 것이라고 논의하였다.

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