낙관성/비관성, 문제해결평가 및 정적/부적 감정 간의 관계 검증 = Testing of the Relationships Among Optimism/Pessimism, Problem-Solving Appraisal, and Positive/Negative Affects

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 개인의 스트레스 대처방식이 낙관성과 다양한 적응지표 간의 관계를 매개한다는 선행연구를 바탕으로 개인이 문제 상황을 어떻게 지각하는가, 즉 문제해결평가의 세 요인(문제해결 자신감, 접근-회피 양식, 및 개인의 통제감)이 각각 낙관성과 정서 경험(정적 감정 및 부적 감정)의 관계 및 비관성과 정서 경험(정적 감정 및 부적 감정)을 차별적으로 매개하는지 검증하였다. 심리학 관련 학회의 하계수련회에 참석한 성인 152명(여자 127명)이 응답한 설문자료를 Anderson과 Gerbing(1988)이 제안한 2단계 구조방정식 절차에 따라 분석한 결과, 낙관성의 경우 문제해결에 대한 자신감과 개인의 통제감은 낙관성과 정서 경험 사이를 부분적으로 매개하지만 접근-회피 양식의 매개효과는 유의하지 않았다. 이에 반해 비관성의 경우에는 문제해결 평가의 세요인 모두에서 부분적으로 매개효과가 나타났다. 이는 낙관성이 높은 경우는 문제 상황에 대한 접근-회피가 즉각적으로 이루어지지 않는데 반해, 비관성이 높은 경우는 문제 상황을 회피하는 경향이 있고 이것이 부적 감정 경험을 억제하는 효과가 있는 것으로 보인다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examined whether the three aspects of problem-solving appraisal mediate the link from optimism to both positive and negative affects as well as the link from pessimism to both positive and negative affects, respectively. A total of 152(127 women) adults completed the research packet including measures of the Life Orientation Test-Revised, Problem-Solving Inventory, and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. The study results from structural equation modeling suggested that (a) as for optimism, problem-solving confidence(PSC) and personal control(PC) significantly mediated some of the link between optimism and either positive or negative affect, but no mediation effect was found for approach-avoidance style(AAS), and (b) as for pessimism, the mediating effect was significant for all of the three dimensions of problem-solving appraisal(PSC, AAS, and PC). Discussion focused on a potentially differential mechanism by which optimism and pessimism lead to positive and negative affects.

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