Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Temperature on Photosynthesis and Fruit Characteristics of ‘Niitaka’ Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The effects of global warming and CO2 level were investigated on tree growth and fruit characteristics of ‘Niitaka’ pear. The treatments consisted of ambient temperature and 390 ㎕·L-1CO2 (control group), ambient temperature + 4℃ and 390 ㎕·L-1 CO2 (elevated temperature group), ambient temperature and 700 ㎕·L-1 CO2 (elevated CO2group), and ambient temperature + 4℃ and 700 ㎕·L-1 CO2 (elevated climate group). Fruit weight was the highest in elevated CO2 group (543.0 g), but lowest in elevated temperature group (394.3 g). Flesh firmness at harvest was the highest in elevated temperature group. For fruit skin color, Hunter L* and b* values were not significantly different among treatments, while Hunter a* value was higher on those treated with higher temperature and CO2 concentration.
Photosynthetic rate in July and August was high in plants under elevated CO2 concentration. In contrast, the elevated temperature and elevated climate groups showed relatively high photosynthetic rate in early July, then became far lower than those of the control and the elevated CO2 group in late August. Rapid increase in fruit diameter was observed on fruits grown under elevated climate, then slowed down after the middle fruit growth stage. Soluble solids content increased at harvest time in groups with elevated CO2.

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