경험을 통한 창업가의 학습 연구 = Lessons from Experience of Entrepreneurs

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this research study is to investigate the lessons from entrepreneurial experience that lead to entrepreneurs’ personal development as well as to the development of their organization. The topic was explored by conducting in-depth interviews with 16 entrepreneurs who have more than 3 years of experience in working in their own enterprise. The findings of this study are summarized as follows. First, entrepreneurs learn lessons on the various aspects of business, the self, human network, and management. More specifically, in each category, they receive messages that seem contradictory at first glance: they learn about the importance of both profit and value in business, about their own limitations and possibilities, about intimacy versus keeping distance in networking, and about intuition and expert knowledge in management. Second, despite the ambivalence and paradoxicality inherent in these lessons, the entrepreneurs integrate them through harmonizing and balancing. Third, human relationships play a key role in entrepreneurs’ learning and growth. Establishing and managing relationships is such a significant activity for entrepreneurs that it is, either directly or indirectly, connected to all types of growth experience. Furthermore, entrepreneurs learn about business, the self, network, and management through socializing with other people. This study’s contribution is threefold. First, entrepreneurs’ learning from experience is a kind of ”higher-level learning,” a transformation of one’s meaning structure. Second, it is suggested that entrepreneurs’ profit-seeking image as a businessman need to be emphasized in relation to entrepreneurship. Third, learning through relationships with more experienced entrepreneurs or peers is important in entrepreneur education.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구에서는 창업가가 창업 이후 겪는 다양한 경험을 통하여 무엇을 배우는가에 주목하고, 그 내용 및 특징에 관하여 탐구하였다. 이를 위해 창업한 지 3년 이상 된 창업가 16명을 대상으로 심층면담을 수행하고, 구술 자료를 바탕으로 질적 연구를 실시하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 창업가는 사업 목표와 관련하여 이윤과 가치의 중요성, 자아에 관하여 가능성과 한계 인식의 공존, 인간 관계에 관하여 친밀감과 적절한 거리두기, 그리고 경영과 관련하여 직관과 전문지식을 동시에 활용한 의사결정의 기술을 습득한다. 둘째, 창업가들은 자아, 사업, 관계, 경영의 영역에서 각각 모순된 것처럼 보이는 가치를 한꺼번에 좇는다는 특징을 보인다. 이것은 일견 자가당착처럼 보이나, 조화와 균형을 통하여 불일치를 해결하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 특징을 양가성으로 설명하였다. 셋째, 이러한 창업가의 학습을 관통하는 원리로 관계에 의한, 관계를 통한 성장을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 다음과 같은 의의를 같는다. 첫째, 창업가가 경험을 통해 학습하는 내용은 지식이나 기술의 축적보다는 기존 의미구조의 해체와 재구성을 뜻하는 고수준 학습의 성격을 갖는다는 점을 밝혀냈다. 둘째, 혁신가의 이미지가 강조되는 창업가정신 담론에서 현실적인 비즈니스맨으로서의 특징에 주목할 것을 제시하였다. 셋째, 창업가교육에서 선배 창업가 및 예비창업자 사이의 관계 형성을 통한 학습을 제안하였다.

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