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    우리 민법의 착오론에 관한 최근 연구동향 - 송덕수, “민법상의 착오에 관한 연구”, 서울대 법학박사학위논문, 1989의 분석을 포함하여 - = The Recent Trend on the Mistakes in Our Civil Law - Review of Song Tuck-Soo, Study on the Mistake in Civil Law(these)(1984) - Review on PhD. Thesis on Mistake(1984) written by Song Tuck-Soo

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    https://www.riss.kr/link?id=A107791886

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    다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract) kakao i 다국어 번역

    This paper examines the current discussion of mistake(article 109) of the Korean Civil Code about the concept, types, requirements, effect, and related issues, mainly focusing on the contents of PhD these in 1989 and its contribution(review) to this topic by Song Tuck-Soo, which is evaluated as the milestone in this area. In particular, this paper can be said to be an attempt at the systematic interpretation of our mistake in civil law through criticism of the existing theories and precedents on the provisions of the current civil law and the suggestion of new alternatives.
    Article 109 (Declaration of Intention under Mistake) of the Korean Civil Code says as : (1) A declaration of intention may be voidable if made under a mistake regarding any essential elements of the juristic act: Provided that if there has been gross negligence on the part of a declarant, he shall not claim it to be voidable. (2) The avoidance of a declaration of intention as mentioned in the preceding paragraph cannot be set up against a third person acting in good faith.
    To begin with, this PhD thesis surveys the legislative process of the provisions of the Korean civil law (Article 109) through the German Civil Code, its first and second drafts, and the Japanese Civil Code. In this process, we can be concluded that the three typical types of error, error in content, error in communication, and error in motive, emerged from the process of enacting the German Civil Law, and thus, a systematic interpretation is needed while considering the discussion focused on the provisions of the German Civil Law. In addition, it can also be found that the provisions of mistake in civil law were generalized in this process.
    Regarding the concept of mistake, various views are opposed regarding the inclusion of mistake in motivation. The author divides 2 sorts of mistakes: mistake in a broad sense and mistake in a narrow sense, and he concludes the error of motivation is not considered as relevant in a narrow sense under civil law.
    Next, regarding the requirements and types of mistake, they are presented as a comprehensive type of mistake by integrating the establishment process of mistake and the object of mistake, based on the German discussion but modified in some ways. In the requirements of mistake, the author presents as follows: establishment of mistake, the mistake in any essential elements of the juristic act, and no gross negligence on the part of a declarant. In particular, it divides several practical types that can be considered as a mistake in essential elements of the content of the juristic act or mere mistakes in motivation.
    In addition, Regarding the effect of mistake, the liability for negligence in the conclusion of the contract, or Culpa in Contrahendo, is recognized by analogy to protect the trust of the other party for damage caused by ordinary negligence(culpa levis). In this regard, the author also suggests amendments to the current civil law.
    The PhD thesis review tries to construct its own original system as a useful argument in various ways in the discussion of mistakes at the time of writing it as of now. However, since then, the trend on the theory of mistake has been deviating from the existing provisions of German civil law and Japanese civil law, which has been influenced on our civil law, and various new discussions take place on consideration of the interests of a declarant and the other party, and these factors are reflected in the result of unification of European civil law, such as the PECL, PICC, DCFR, PESL, etc. and in the drafts of the Korean Civil Code(2004, 2009-2013) and the revision of the Japan Civil Code(2016). Though there are limitations due to the time of writing in this respect, the PhD thesis it has been playing an important and indispensable role as a systematic attempt of our current law by presenting a new system and interpretation based on the traditional theory of mistake. It still keeps the value as an essential authority for mistake in Korea de lege lata despite several criticisms about it. The recent trend of positive incorporation of mistake of motivation into the concept of mistake, such as the Japan civil Code(article 95 in 2016 revision), gives us the new development of the typology of mistake, the harmony or reorganization between the existing interpretation, including a thesis on review and new future interpretation, which is the responsibility of scholars today to systematic interpretation newly tried of civil law provisions and future amendment of Korean civil Code de lege ferenda.
    번역하기

    This paper examines the current discussion of mistake(article 109) of the Korean Civil Code about the concept, types, requirements, effect, and related issues, mainly focusing on the contents of PhD these in 1989 and its contribution(review) to this t...

    This paper examines the current discussion of mistake(article 109) of the Korean Civil Code about the concept, types, requirements, effect, and related issues, mainly focusing on the contents of PhD these in 1989 and its contribution(review) to this topic by Song Tuck-Soo, which is evaluated as the milestone in this area. In particular, this paper can be said to be an attempt at the systematic interpretation of our mistake in civil law through criticism of the existing theories and precedents on the provisions of the current civil law and the suggestion of new alternatives.
    Article 109 (Declaration of Intention under Mistake) of the Korean Civil Code says as : (1) A declaration of intention may be voidable if made under a mistake regarding any essential elements of the juristic act: Provided that if there has been gross negligence on the part of a declarant, he shall not claim it to be voidable. (2) The avoidance of a declaration of intention as mentioned in the preceding paragraph cannot be set up against a third person acting in good faith.
    To begin with, this PhD thesis surveys the legislative process of the provisions of the Korean civil law (Article 109) through the German Civil Code, its first and second drafts, and the Japanese Civil Code. In this process, we can be concluded that the three typical types of error, error in content, error in communication, and error in motive, emerged from the process of enacting the German Civil Law, and thus, a systematic interpretation is needed while considering the discussion focused on the provisions of the German Civil Law. In addition, it can also be found that the provisions of mistake in civil law were generalized in this process.
    Regarding the concept of mistake, various views are opposed regarding the inclusion of mistake in motivation. The author divides 2 sorts of mistakes: mistake in a broad sense and mistake in a narrow sense, and he concludes the error of motivation is not considered as relevant in a narrow sense under civil law.
    Next, regarding the requirements and types of mistake, they are presented as a comprehensive type of mistake by integrating the establishment process of mistake and the object of mistake, based on the German discussion but modified in some ways. In the requirements of mistake, the author presents as follows: establishment of mistake, the mistake in any essential elements of the juristic act, and no gross negligence on the part of a declarant. In particular, it divides several practical types that can be considered as a mistake in essential elements of the content of the juristic act or mere mistakes in motivation.
    In addition, Regarding the effect of mistake, the liability for negligence in the conclusion of the contract, or Culpa in Contrahendo, is recognized by analogy to protect the trust of the other party for damage caused by ordinary negligence(culpa levis). In this regard, the author also suggests amendments to the current civil law.
    The PhD thesis review tries to construct its own original system as a useful argument in various ways in the discussion of mistakes at the time of writing it as of now. However, since then, the trend on the theory of mistake has been deviating from the existing provisions of German civil law and Japanese civil law, which has been influenced on our civil law, and various new discussions take place on consideration of the interests of a declarant and the other party, and these factors are reflected in the result of unification of European civil law, such as the PECL, PICC, DCFR, PESL, etc. and in the drafts of the Korean Civil Code(2004, 2009-2013) and the revision of the Japan Civil Code(2016). Though there are limitations due to the time of writing in this respect, the PhD thesis it has been playing an important and indispensable role as a systematic attempt of our current law by presenting a new system and interpretation based on the traditional theory of mistake. It still keeps the value as an essential authority for mistake in Korea de lege lata despite several criticisms about it. The recent trend of positive incorporation of mistake of motivation into the concept of mistake, such as the Japan civil Code(article 95 in 2016 revision), gives us the new development of the typology of mistake, the harmony or reorganization between the existing interpretation, including a thesis on review and new future interpretation, which is the responsibility of scholars today to systematic interpretation newly tried of civil law provisions and future amendment of Korean civil Code de lege ferenda.

    더보기

    참고문헌 (Reference)

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    7 김가을, "프랑스 민법상 대항 그리고 대항불능에 관한 이론" 서울시립대학교 법학연구소 28 (28): 43-75, 2020

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