서양 역사 속의 노년 ; 근대 프랑스 사회에서의 노인에 대한 사회적 인식 변화 -17∼18세기의 노인 부조 정책을 중심으로- = The Change in the Attitude toward the Aged in Modern French Society: Study based on the Aid System for the Aged in the 17th and 18th Centuries

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The medieval people looked at the aged with a double point of view. That is, the aged were considered as the wise existence and the mean existence at the same time. The attitude held during the Middle Ages toward the aged reminds us of the dual conflicting attitudes of that period toward the poor: Holy Jesus or the lazy people. However, the aid system for the aged didn`t exist in the medieval period contrary to the already established aid system for the poor. Even in the 16th century and the early 17th century, the historical documents didn`t testify to the recognition of the difficulty or poverty of the aged. The documents of charity organizations placed the aged into the category of the ``sick poor`` and didn`t provide special treatment for them. Some change started to appear around the middle of 17th century. That is, several hospitals made efforts to secure a larger space to the aged. This was mainly due to the increase of the aged among the poor. Society started to pay attention to the miserable situation of the aged. At last, in the 18th century French society experienced more dramatic changes in the size of the aged in the total population and the attitude toward the aged. The number of aged increased more rapidly in the total population, the image of the aged changed to a positive one, and the hospitals more actively assumed the role of the hospice. The hospitals gradually got rid of the role of the poor camp under the support of the State and assumed the responsibility to secure the quality of life of the aged. The aid system for the aged started to be firmly established with the change of the attitude toward the aged.