상호성 원리에 입각한 초등 도덕교육의 방향에 관한 소고 = A Review on the Directions of Moral Education based on the Principle of Reciprocity in the Elementary School

국문 초록 (Abstract)

학교 도덕교육이 만족스러운 성과를 산출하지 못하고 있다는 것은 시민적 덕목을 인간의 내부에 하나의 품성으로 자리 잡게 한다는 것이 그만큼 어렵다는 반증이다. 현대 사회에서 구성원 개개인의 도덕적 자질 혹은 능력은 도덕적 삶의 중요한 동력이며, 그러한 능력으로서 시민적 덕은 학교 도덕교육이 추구해야 할 중요한 목표가 된다. 본 논문은 인류학적 자료를 바탕으로 상호성 원리를 도덕성의 토대로서 상정하고, 이를 중심으로 학교 도덕교육이 나아가야 할 방향을 모색한다. 학생들이 사회의 도덕적 이슈에 대한 올바른 문제의식과 그에 대한 사유방식을 발달시키는 것은 학교 도덕교육이 담당해야 할 중요한 몫이다. 학교 도덕교육은 이상적인 도덕적 인간의 상정에 따른 여러 가지 바람직한 도덕적 덕목을 중심으로 내용을 구성하는 전통에서 벗어나, 도덕성의 토대인 상호성 원리를 바탕으로 도덕적 사고력과 정서적 능력을 함양할 수 있어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 이를 위해 학교·교실의 인습적 요소들을 적극 활용하기, 친사회적 행동과 관련한 인지적 기능의 발달을 도모하기, 교실에서 도덕적 신뢰 분위기를 확립하기를 접근방안으로 제시하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Contemporary moral education don`t achieve its goal satisfactorily. The reason is that civic virtues are so difficult to be internalized in our mind. In a modern civic society, the moral disposition or competence of individuals is considered as a very important dynamic power for social development. Such moral virtues are developed by school education. This essay is focused on how to develop those civic virtues by means of reciprocity principle in moral education of school. It is one of the main goals of moral education to facilitate the right thinking style and have a critical mind. The contents of moral education in elementary school are composed of many admirable virtues for an ideal man. But those contents need to be approached by the following methods. First, Using the conventional factors in the school and class. Second, Contriving the development of social cognitive skills. Third, Constructing the moral trusting atmosphere in the class.

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