Cities in transition : World Bank urban and local government strategy

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Abbreviations = ⅵ
• Foreword and Acknowledgments = ⅶ
• Executive Summary = 1
• Attachment 1 Matrix of strategic vision and actions to support sustainable cities = 18
• Attachment 2 Illustrative indicators for monitoring urban and local government performance under the new strategy = 23
• Attachment 3 Timetable and indicators for monitoring implementation of the new strategy in the Bank = 26
• 1. The Need for a New Urban Strategy for the Bank = 31
• The changing context of urban development = 32
• The implications of urban change for national development = 36
• The importance of urban development to the global, and to the Bank's, development agenda = 40
• 2. Pursuing a Vision of Sustainable Cities = 43
• The urban transition in the national context = 43
• Public and private roles in urban development = 44
• The need for a multidimensional approach : lessons from experience = 46
• The four dimensions of sustainable cities = 46
• Good governance and management = 49
• Seizing the opportunity for greater impact in support of sustainable cities = 52
• 3. A Renewed Bank Strategy for Urban and Local Government Assistance = 61
• Principles and preconditions of the strategy = 61
• The four building blocks of the new strategy = 63
• Adapting the existing "business lines" and products of urban assistance = 67
• Regional urban strategies and action plans = 70
• 4. Requirements for Implementing the New Strategy = 73
• Expanding external and internal partnerships = 73
• Strengthening the internal organization of urban work = 77
• Enhancing human capital and knowledge management = 78
• Adapting the Bank's approaches to involuntary resettlement = 79
• Allocating budgetary resources for urban work = 79
• Implementing the new strategy = 79
• Attachment 4 Urban lines of business - illustrative examples = 80
• Annex A The implications of urban change for national development = 85
• Annex B Operational experience in implementing the policy framework for sustainable cities = 97
• Annex C Evolution of past lending and performance of the urban development portfolio = 121
• Annex D Urban indicators = 131
• Figures
• Figure 1.1 Within a generation the developing world will be predominantly urban = 32
• Figure 1.2 Most developing countries are in, or are entering, the high-growth phase of the urban transition = 33
• Figure 1.3 The developing world's urban population is still concentrated in small cities, but large cities' share is increasing = 34
• Figure A.1 The urban share of output is typically greater than the urban share of population = 87
• Figure A.2 As urbanization accelerates, housing becomes more important to the economy = 91
• Figure A.3 The urban shares of the poor population and of the total population are closely aligned = 93
• Figure A.4 Poverty will be increasingly urban = 94
• Figure A.5 Urban environmental risks change with development = 96
• Figure C.1 The demand for urban development projects is increasing = 122
• Figure C.2 Urban development lending is recovering as a share of total Bank lending = 122
• Figure C.3. a-e A brief slip and then steady recovery in the performance of completed urban development projects = 126
• Figure C.4 The performance of the active urban development portfolio based on QAG criteria compares well with the Bank average = 128
• Tables
• Table C.1 Urban development projects by region, May 1999 = 123
• Table D.1 Urban population data by country = 132
• Table D.2 Indicators related to city competitiveness = 138
• Table D.3 Indicators related to city livability = 141
• Table D.4 Indicators related to city governance and management = 145
• Table D.5 Indicators related to city bankability = 149
• Table D.6 The world's 30 largest cities : 1950, 1990, and 2015 = 152
• Boxes
• Box 1.1 Cities are particularly vulnerable in times of crisis = 36
• Box A.l Urbanization : A necessary - but not sufficient condition for sustained economic growth = 86
• Box A.2 Rigid land use planning continues to constrain market adjustment of the urban form in Cracow = 88
• Box A.3 Large cities see a relative decline in social welfare = 95
• Box B.1 Enhancing the quality of life for the urban poor in Indonesia through the Kampung Improvement Program = 99
• Box B.2 Scaling up slum upgrading from a pilot to a citywide program in Guatemala City = 100
• Box B.3 Private enterprise helps to improve slums in India = 101
• Box B.4 Taking a strategic approach to the urban environment = 105
• Box B.5 Reforming national housing policies and institutions in Mexico = 107
• Box B.6 Promoting private real estate market development in Mali = 108
• Box B.7 Bringing a development vision into focus - city strategy formulation in Haiphong, Vietnam = 110
• Box B.8 Johannesburg and the World Bank : A city-level comprehensive development framework = 111
• Box B.9 Accounting for the local economy in West Africa = 112
• Box B.10 Providing timely advice on urban management and finance after apartheid in South Africa = 113
• Box B.11 Understanding and addressing municipal corruption = 115
• Box B.12 Building better municipalities through finance and technical assistance in Brazil and the Philippines = 117
• Box B.13 A nationwide financial framework for municipalities in the Philippines = 118
• Box B.14 How IFC aids the financing of private infrastructure concessions at the subsovereign level = 119
• Selected References = 153