The development of the public announcement system to treat land as a menas of production and a foundation of living have provided convenient service. As The government has reduced or abolished excessive regulations to the demand of the people, various...
The development of the public announcement system to treat land as a menas of production and a foundation of living have provided convenient service. As The government has reduced or abolished excessive regulations to the demand of the people, various regulations on the real estate have been simplified. However, assigned regulation simplification policy of government agencies were not effective and even revived more regulations after some years.
The progress of administration related to real estate devoted to increasing use of land as foundation of living, on the other hand it stimulated land owners to have land as a way to make a fortune and even produced false development agencies which distorted the land market by overcharging, grid land-division and land ownership of many people over a small piece of land.
False development agencies confuses buyers by telling false rumors and produces land of riskful transaction. The development on these riskful lands face many obstacles due to price difference of land compensation and many land owners over the same piece of land.
Through this study, the properties of land transactions of false development agencies which were created by a stunning progress of real estate information system and regulation reformation has been examined and the value of sold land has been quantified by analysing geographical characteristics and forms of grid land division.
To analyse transaction properties, all transactions during 2009~2010 were examined according to periodical, transaction doer, land use, and share properties. As a result, mountains and fields were mostly dealt and their were traded over ten times than their original value. Sale of the land with only shares but no division was performed by corporations and it took 91% in the same type of transactions. False development agencies tend to target seniors, women, and out-of-town residents.
After the analyzing the land of riskful transaction and its location characteristics, it turned out that Dongnae myun's land appropriateness passed B level and it is possible to build city planning facilities after going through City Planning Committee's deliberation. However, it is not economically efficient for an individual to build residential facilities or develop the land for personal use since he/she has to pay more for additional construction due to the geographical condition and moving grave yards on top of the land's high sale prices he/she already paid.
Although the local government established development permission act to regulate division permission in 2008, grid land division increased in 2009 and many expedients such as moving target land to rural areas and choosing 'reconciliation and mediation' have come up to avoid the restriction.
The number of grid land division has been markedly decreased as it was banned in December 2009 by law. But another measure is needed to regulate land transaction as false development agencies have used many other ways to avoid the conventional restriction.
Despite all efforts of central and local governments, the fact that false development aganceis' transactions have increased shows regulation on land division only protected land registration map and extreme land division but could not ban false development agencies' transactions efficiently.
Through this study, the vulnerability of real estate regulations was found since it could not control false development agencies' riskful land transactions and ways to ban these transactions can be invented. The weaknesses of the regulations are as below.
First, they allow indefinite ownership although the land is not used by the owner himself and the land can be sold to unspecified numerous people.
Second, main targets of the transactions are generally out-of-town residents and elderly who are not able to gain accurate information about the land relatively.
Third, there is no way to verify extremely overcharged transactions.
These vulnerability of the regulations makes false development agencies' riskful transactions possible but, once they are supplemented, false development agencies' transactions can be fundamentally restricted.
It may look going against free market system if the government interferes with individual's land transaction but the public nature of land will be neglected if freedom of the free market on land is overly emphasized.
Attentions to prevent the advent of false development agencies and investment firms and protect individual transactions under the free market should be given to solve the real estate problems we are facing.
This study suggests a system to verify the land of riskful transactions and an alarm system before riskful transactions are made. This alarm system can minimize the government's interference, inform the potential land buyers who can not obtain precise information the risk of the transaction, and supplement the vulnerability of the regulations on the land of riskful transactions of the false development agencies.