중국의 영향력 균형(balance of influence) 전략과 제3세계 외교: 과거의 경험, 그리고 오늘날의 함의 = China's Balance of Influence Strategy and the Third World Diplomacy: Focused on Past Experience and Today's Implications

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Recently China strengthens charm offensive diplomacy toward the third world. The development of this aggressive diplomacy was perceived as a challenge for the United States' influence on international society. China's such third world diplomacy can be characterized as a great powers' balance of influence strategy that aims to increase influence in the third world. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate China's third world diplomacy in the concept of "balance of influence", and reevaluate China's third world diplomacy in the past within this framework. As a result, this paper will show that China's diplomacy today toward the third world is not different from the past from the respect of its goal and intention. Accordingly neighboring countries states has to make a effort to identify between diplomatic rhetoric and substance.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

최근 들어 중국은 제3세계에 대한 외교적 공세를 강화하고 있다. 제3세계에 대한 중국의 적극적인 외교의 전개는 국제사회에 대한 미국의 영향력에 도전으로 인식되는 것이기도 하다. 중국이 제3세계 외교를 강화하고 있는 목적과 의도는 무엇인가. 본 연구는 중국의 제3세계 외교의 주요 목적을 강대국들이 추구하는 영향력 균형 전략으로 규정한다. 그리고 이러한 분석 시각으로 냉전시기 중국의 제3세계 외교의 전개과정과 결과를 재검토해보고, 과거의 경험이 오늘날에 갖는 함의를 도출해 보는 것을 주요 목적으로 한다. 냉전시기 중국이 제3세계 외교가 주변 강대국과 (패권적 의도가 내재된) 영향력 균형의 추구를 특징으로 했던 것처럼, 오늘날 중국의 제3세계 외교에도 이러한 전략적 목적과 의도가 내재되어 있을 수 있다. 실제로 최근 국제사회는 소프트 파워와 같은 다양한 외교적 수단을 이용한 강대국들 간의 치열한 영향력 경쟁이 전개될 가능성이 높아지고 있다. 따라서 주변 약소국들은 공정한 시각과 외교적 자율성을 가지고 이들 강대국들의 외교적 수사와 실제를 구별하려는 노력이 필요하다.

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