셀룰로오즈아세테이트 탄소섬유복합체를 이용한 중금속 흡착 = Adsorptin of Heavy Metals using Cellulose Acetate Carbon Fibers

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The objective of this study is to manufacture an efficient activated carbon fiber (ACF) assemblies filter. Cellulose acetate and phenolic resin were dissolved in acetone and coated on a 2 cm-long and 2 cm-wide stainless steel mesh. Various concentrations of cellulose acetate and phenolic resin in acetone solution were examined for the extent of coating on the stainless steel mesh using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), a surface area analyzer (BET) and a microscope. As a result, the best quality of coating on the stainless steel mesh was obtained with 2 wt,% celluose acetate and 10 wt,% phenolic resin in acetone solution. The ACF filter was also impregnated with ZnCl2, KOH, H3PO4 and Na2CO3, respectively to enhance its adsorption capacity. Iodine number increased by impregnating with the chemical compound in the following order: KOH > ZnCl2 > Na2CO3 > H3PO4. Iodine numbers for the ACF filters impregnated with ZnCl2 (ACFz) and KOH (ACFK) were found to be 972 ~ 1,117 mg/g and 987 ~ 1,183 mg/g respectively.
ACFz and ACFK were tested for the adsorption and desorption of Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn and Cu. The time taken to reach equilibrium was found to be 20 ~ 60 minutes. The adsorption capacities of ACFz at pH 3 were 28.7, 26.0 and 21.9 mg/g for 20 ppm Pb, Cd and Zn, respectively. These were 16.2, 22.1 and 23.0 % higher than the capacities of activated carbon for Pb, Cd and Zn, respectively. In addition, ACFK showed 28.1, 25.0 and 21.7 mg/g and 13.8, 17.4 and 21.9 % higher adsorption capacities compared to activated carbon. The adsorption capacities of both ACFz and ACFK also increased as pH increased in the range of pH 3 to 6. The adsorption of heavy metals on ACFz and ACFk follows Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.981 ~ 0.998) and Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.886 ~ 0.998).
Desorption tests were conducted with Pb-adsorbed ACFz and ACFK in HCl, H2SO4, EDTA and Na2CO3 solution. Desorption reached equilibrium within 60 minutes. The desorption rate increased as the concentration of the solution increased. Faster desorption was found in the following order of solution : HCl > H2SO4 > EDTA > Na2CO3.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Abstract ⅰ
• 차 례 ⅲ
• List of Figures ⅵ
• List of Tables ⅹ
• Ⅰ. 서 론 1
• Ⅱ. 이론적 고찰 5
• 1. 활성탄소섬유의 개요 5
• 2. 활성탄소섬유의 응용 5
• 3. 활성탄소 섬유원 7
• 4. 탄소섬유 활성화 11
• 5. 활성탄소섬유의 반응공정 12
• 6. 흡착 이론 14
• 7. 등온 흡착식 18
• (1) Freundlich 등온 흡착식 19
• (2) Langmuir 등온 흡착식 20
• Ⅲ. 실 험 21
• 1. 재료 21
• 2. 물성분석 22
• (1) 열중량(TGA) 분석 22
• (2) 디지털현미경 및 SEM 관찰 22
• (3) 비표면적(BET) 분석 23
• (4) 요오드흡착력(Iodine number) 분석 23
• 3. 활성탄소섬유복합체 흡착제 제조 24
• 4. 흡착 실험장치 및 방법 29
• Ⅳ. 결과 및 고찰 32
• 1. 재료 분석결과 32
• (1) TGA 분석 32
• 1) 셀룰로오즈아세테이트(Cellulose acetate) 32
• 2) 페놀수지(Phenolic resin) 32
• (2) BET 분석 34
• (3) 디지털현미경 관찰 35
• (4) 요오드흡착력 40
• 1) 염화아연(ZnCl2) 40
• 2) 수산화칼륨(KOH) 42
• 3) 인산(H3PO4) 42
• 4) 탄산나트륨(Na2CO3) 45
• (5) 활성화제별 요오드흡착력 비교 45
• 2. 활성화 분석결과 47
• (1) TGA 분석 47
• (2) BET 분석 결과 52
• (3) 디지털현미경 및 SEM 관찰 53
• 3. 활성탄소섬유복합체 흡착제의 중금속 흡착 57
• (1) 실험결과 및 고찰 57
• 1) Pb 흡착특성 57
• 2) Cd 흡착특성 62
• 3) Cr 흡착특성 66
• 4) Zn 흡착특성 66
• 5) Cu 흡착특성 72
• (2) 중금속 이온 선택성 77
• (3) 중금속 흡착에 미치는 pH의 영향 77
• (4) 등온 흡착식에 의한 해석 80
• (5) 탈착제 종류에 따른 Pb 탈착 특성 85
• Ⅴ. 결 론 88
• 참고문헌 91