노천광산 채굴적의 수질오염방지기술 동향 = Review on Pit Lake Treatments

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

It is reported that pit lakes formed after the closure of open pit mines around the world can become acidic leading to contamination of the local environment. According to the literature, it is strongly recommended that countermeasures based on predictions of water quality be required for better decision before the closure of open pits. One of the useful tools for prediction of water quality before mine closure is the method which integrates several models such as hydraulic, limnological and geochemical models. It could predict changes in parameters such as stratification, alkalinity, acidity, dissolved metals in a pit lakes over time and then be used for decision making and design of pit closure plans. Attempts have been made to prevent and remediate these acidic pit lakes, using filling of waste rock and water, bacterial sulfate reduction reactions and lime dosing systems.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

노천광산이 개발된 외국의 경우 폐광된 이후 채굴적이 산성호수로 변하면서 광산주변 환경을 오염시킨 사례들이 보고된다. 문헌조사에 의하면 노천광산호수로 인한 수질오염방지를 위해서 폐광 이전에 수질오염의 예측과 이를 기반으로 적절한 폐광 조치의 필요성을 강조한다. 광산호수의 수질예측 방법으로 수리-호소-지구화학 모델들을 연계하여 광산호수의 층화현상, 알칼리도, 산도 그리고 용존금속의 변화 등을 시간의 함수로 예측하며 수질오염방지 계획의 의사 결정에 활용되기도 한다. 노천채굴적 산성광산호수의 수질 오염방지를 위해서 폐석 혹은 담수 충전법, 황환원반응과 석회사용법 등이 시도되고 있다.

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