General report on the activities of the European Union . 1999

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• THE EUROPEAN UNION IN 1999 = 1
• CHAPTER Ⅰ - AGENDA 2000 = 7
• CHAPTER Ⅱ - UNION CITIZENSHIP = 11
• Section 1 - The right to free movement and residence = 11
• Section 2 - The right to vote and to stand for election = 12
• Section 3 - Right to diplomatic protection = 13
• Section 4 - Right to petition and right of access to the Ombudsman = 14
• CHAPTER Ⅲ - HUMAN RIGHTS AND FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOMS = 15
• Section 1 - European Union Charter of Fundamental Rights and general aspects = 15
• Section 2 - Trafficking in human beings = 17
• Section 3 - Ethics in science and new technologies = 18
• Section 4 - Outside the European Union = 19
• CHAPTER Ⅳ - THE COMMUNITY ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AREA = 21
• Section 1 - Economic and monetary policy = 21
• Priority activities and objectives = 21
• Economic situation = 21
• Economic policy coordination = 22
• Economic and monetary union = 25
• International economic, monetary and financial matters = 28
• Financial activities = 29
• Section 2 - Statistical system = 37
• Priority activities and objectives = 37
• Framework and guidelines = 37
• Publications = 38
• Section 3 - Employment and social policy = 40
• Priority activities and objectives = 40
• Social action programme = 40
• Employment = 40
• Social protection and social security = 43
• Combating discrimination = 44
• Freedom of movement for workers = 45
• Labour law, working conditions and industrial relations = 45
• Health and safety at work = 46
• Social dialogue = 48
• Measures to promote social integration = 48
• Structural operations = 49
• European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions = 50
• International cooperation = 51
• Section 4 - Equal opportunities = 52
• Section 5 - Internal market = 54
• Priority activities and objectives = 54
• Overall strategy = 54
• Free movement of goods = 56
• Free movement of persons = 59
• Freedom to provide services = 60
• Free movement of capital and financial integration = 62
• Taxation = 62
• Company law = 64
• Intellectual and industrial property = 64
• Data protection = 65
• Public procurement = 65
• Section 6 - Competition policy = 66
• Priority activities and objectives = 66
• Competition rules applying to businesses = 66
• State aid = 75
• International cooperation = 77
• Section 7 - Enterprise = 79
• Priority activities and objectives = 79
• Competitiveness = 79
• Innovation policy = 82
• Policy to promote small and medium - sized enterprises(SMEs) = 83
• Individual sectors = 86
• Section 8 - Research and technology = 90
• Priority activities and objectives = 90
• Community RTD policy = 90
• Joint Research Centre(JRC) = 92
• Implementation of the fifth framework programme = 92
• Coal and steel technical research = 99
• Section 9 - Education and culture = 100
• Priority activities and objectives = 100
• Education, vocational training and youth = 100
• Culture and audiovisual policy = 106
• Section 10 - Economic and social cohesion = 112
• Priority activities and objectives = 112
• Structural measures, regional policies = 112
• Innovative measures and other regional operations = 125
• Cohesion Fund = 125
• Section 11 - Measures for the most remote regions = 128
• Section 12 - Trans - European networks = 129
• Priority activities and objectives = 129
• General matters and financing = 129
• Transport = 130
• Telematics and telecommunications = 130
• Energy = 131
• Section 13 - Energy = 133
• Priority activities and objectives = 133
• Community energy policy = 133
• Security of supply and international cooperation = 133
• Internal energy market = 135
• Trans - European energy networks = 136
• Energy and the environment = 136
• Promotion of research and technological development = 138
• Individual sectors = 139
• Euratom Supply Agency = 140
• State aid to the coal industry = 141
• Section 14 - Transport = 142
• Priority activities and objectives = 142
• Development of the common transport policy = 142
• Infrastructures and traffic management and navigation systems = 143
• Trans - European transport networks = 143
• Transport and the environment = 143
• Research and technological development = 144
• Multimodal transport = 144
• Inland transport = 144
• Sea transport = 147
• Air transport = 147
• State aid = 149
• International cooperation = 149
• Section 15 - Information society, telecommunications = 150
• Priority activities and objectives = 150
• Information society = 150
• Telecommunications policy = 153
• Technological aspects = 154
• Trans - European telecommunications networks = 154
• Advanced television services = 154
• Data protection = 155
• International cooperation and regional aspects = 155
• Section 16 - Environment = 156
• Priority activities and objectives = 156
• Action programme = 156
• Public awareness, information, education and training = 156
• Taking the environment into account in other policies = 157
• Industry and the environment = 157
• Quality of the environment and natural resources = 159
• Environmental instruments = 163
• International cooperation = 164
• European Environment Agency = 165
• Civil protection = 165
• Section 17 - Nuclear safety = 166
• Priority activities and objectives = 166
• Radiation protection = 166
• Plant safety = 166
• Radioactive waste = 167
• Decommissioning of nuclear facilities = 167
• International action = 168
• Section 18 - Euratom safeguards = 169
• Section 19 - Agricultural policy = 172
• Priority activities and objectives = 172
• Content of the common agricultural policy = 172
• Forests, agriculture and the environment = 175
• Agricultural structures and rural development = 176
• Veterinary and plant health legislation = 176
• Quality of agricultural products = 176
• Agricultural prices and related measures = 177
• Management of the common agricultural policy = 177
• Financing the common agricultural policy : the EAGGF = 182
• Section 20 - Fisheries = 185
• Priority activities and objectives = 185
• Fisheries policy = 185
• Conservation and management of resources = 186
• Market organisation = 189
• Fisheries and the environment = 190
• Structural action = 190
• State aid schemes = 191
• Section 21 - Consumer health and protection = 192
• Priority activities and objectives = 192
• Public health = 192
• Consumer health protection = 195
• safety of products and services = 200
• Consumer representation, information and education = 201
• Protection of consumers' economic and legal interests = 201
• CHAPTER Ⅴ - ENLARGEMENT = 203
• Section 1 - Priority activities and objectives = 203
• Section 2 - European conference = 204
• Section 3 - Regular reports = 205
• Section 4 - Accession negotiations = 207
• Section 5 - Pre-accession strategy = 209
• Accession partnerships and general matters = 209
• Europe agreements and other agreements = 210
• Financial and technical assistance = 211
• Bilateral relations with the countries of central and eastern Europe, Cyprus and Malta = 213
• Bilateral relations with Turkey = 215
• Section 6 - Regional cooperation = 216
• CHAPTER Ⅵ - ROLE OF THE UNION IN THE WORLD = 217
• Section 1 - Common foreign and security policy = 217
• Priority activities and objectives = 217
• General = 217
• Common foreign policy = 218
• Common security policy = 220
• Presidency and EU statements = 222
• Section 2 - International organisations and conferences = 231
• United Nations and specialised agencies = 231
• Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe(OSCE) = 233
• Western European Union(WEU) = 235
• Council of Europe = 236
• Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development(OECD) = 236
• European Bank for Reconstruction and Development(EBRD) = 236
• Section 3 - Common commercial policy = 237
• World Trade Organisation(WTO) = 237
• World Customs Organisation(WCO) = 239
• Operation of the customs union, customs cooperation and mutual assistance = 239
• Commercial policy instruments = 240
• Treaties, trade agreements and agreements on mutual recognition = 242
• Market access = 243
• Trade and the environment = 243
• Individual sectors = 244
• Section 4 - Development policy = 247
• Priority activities and objectives = 247
• Overview = 247
• Generalised scheme of preferences(GSP) = 248
• International commodity agreements = 249
• North - South cooperation against drug abuse = 249
• North - South cooperation on health issues = 250
• Cooperation on eradicating anti-personnel mines = 250
• International forums = 250
• EC Investment Partners(ECIP) = 251
• Cooperation through non-governmental organisations and decentralised cooperation = 251
• Environmental protection = 252
• Tropical forests = 252
• Gender issues = 252
• Population policy = 252
• Rehabilitation aid = 253
• Food aid and food security = 253
• Aid for refugees = 255
• Section 5 - Humanitarian aid = 256
• Overall strategy = 256
• Humanitarian aid operations = 257
• Section 6 - European Economic Area, relations with the EFTA countries = 261
• European Economic Area(EEA) = 261
• Relations with the EFTA countries = 261
• Section 7 - Relations with the western Balkan countries = 263
• General = 263
• Albania = 265
• Bosnia and Herzegovina = 266
• Croatia = 266
• Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia = 266
• Federal Republic of Yugoslavia(FRY) = 267
• Section 8 - Relations with the southern Mediterranean and the Middle East = 271
• Priority activities and objectives = 271
• Overall strategy = 271
• Maghreb = 272
• Mashreq countries, Palestinian Territories and Israel = 273
• The Middle East = 274
• Section 9 - Relations with the new independent States of the former Soviet Union and with Mongolia = 276
• Priority activities and objectives = 276
• Partnership and other agreements = 276
• Assistance for the new independent States of the former Soviet Union and for Mongolia = 277
• Bilateral relations = 279
• Regional cooperation = 282
• Section 10 - Relations with the United States, Japan and other industrialised countries = 284
• Priority activities and objectives = 284
• Group of Seven／Eight(G7／G8) = 284
• Quadrilateral meetings = 285
• United States = 285
• Japan = 287
• Canada = 288
• Australia = 290
• New Zealand = 290
• Republic of Korea = 291
• Section 11 - Relations with the countries of Asia = 292
• Priority activities and objectives = 292
• Asia - Europe meetings(ASEM) and relations with regional bodies = 292
• Bilateral relations = 293
• Aid activities = 298
• Section 12 - Relations with Latin American countries = 299
• Priority activities and objectives = 299
• Relations with regional groupings = 299
• Bilateral relations = 301
• Development cooperation = 302
• Section 13 - Relations with African, Caribbean and Pacific(ACP) countries and the overseas countries and territories(OCTs) = 304
• Priority activities and objectives = 304
• Relations with ACP countries = 304
• Relations with overseas countries and territories(OCTs) = 311
• Section 14 - Diplomatic relations = 312
• CHAPTER Ⅶ - JUSTICE AND HOME AFFAIRS = 313
• Section 1 - Priority activities and objectives = 313
• Section 2 - Asylum, immigration and external borders = 315
• Section 3 - Judicial cooperation in civil matters = 319
• Section 4 - Police, customs and judicial cooperation in criminal matters = 321
• Section 5 - Combating drugs = 324
• Section 6 - External relations = 325
• CHAPTER Ⅷ - FINANCING COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES, MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES = 327
• Section 1 - Priority activities and objectives = 327
• Section 2 - Budgets = 329
• General budget = 329
• ECSC operating budget = 359
• Financial regulations = 360
• Section 3 - Financial control = 362
• Section 4 - Protection of the Communities' financial interests and the fight against fraud = 364
• Section 5 - Borrowing and lending operations = 367
• Section 6 - General budget guarantee for borrowing and lending operations = 368
• CHAPTER Ⅸ - INSTITUTIONAL MATTERS = 371
• Section 1 - Treaty of Amsterdam = 371
• Section 2 - Voting in the Council = 376
• Section 3 - Legislative role of the European Parliament = 377
• Section 4 - Implementing powers conferred on the Commission = 378
• Section 5 - Transparency = 380
• Section 6 - Subsidiarity and proportionality = 382
• CHAPTER Ⅹ - COMMUNITY LAW = 383
• Section 1 - Monitoring the application of Community law = 383
• Section 2 - Decisions by the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance = 384
• General principles of Community law = 384
• Free movement of goods = 385
• Freedom of movement for workers = 386
• Free movement of capital = 387
• Competition - State aid = 387
• External relations = 388
• Institutional matters = 389
• Common agricultural policy - Environment = 391
• Section 3 - Simplification and consolidation = 393
• Section 4 - Computerisation of Community law = 394
• CHAPTER XI - INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANS = 395
• Section 1 - Composition and functioning = 395
• European Parliament = 395
• Council = 402
• Commission = 403
• Court of Justice and Court of First Instance = 407
• Court of Auditors = 408
• European Central Bank = 411
• Economic and Social Committee = 411
• Committee of the Regions = 413
• ECSC Consultative Committee = 415
• Section 2 - Administration and management = 418
• Staff policy and Staff Regulations = 418
• Information technology = 422
• Translation = 423
• Interpreting and conferences = 423
• Section 3 - Reform of the Commission = 425
• Internal assessment = 425
• SEM 2000 = 426
• Committee of Independent Experts = 426
• The Prodi Commission = 427
• CHAPTER XII - INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION = 429
• Section 1 - Information and communication activities = 429
• Section 2 - Press activities = 433
• Section 3 - Activities of the Office for Official Publications of the European Communities = 434
• Section 4 - Historical archives = 435
• NEWS IN BRIEF = 437
• INSTITUTIONS AND OTHER BODIES = 447
• PUBLICATIONS CITED IN THIS REPORT = 449
• ANNEXES = 451
• Table Ⅰ - Legislation under the co - decision procedure = 452
• Table Ⅱ - Legislation under the cooperation procedure = 492
• Table Ⅲ - Legislation under the consultation procedure = 499
• Table Ⅳ - International agreements procedure = 533
• INDEX = 559