여성차별철폐협약 |RISS 상세보기

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women was adopted by UN in December 18, 1979. As of January 1996, 150 States had ratified. This Convention is the international document ratified by the greatest number of States in the shortest time. This could be seen as an expression of the strong and universal international will for realization of women's rights of equality.
This Convention defines the term 'discrimination against women' as "any distinction, exclusion, or restriction made on the basis of sex which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment or exercise by women, irrespective of their marital status, on a basis of men and women, of human rights and fundamental freedom in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field." This Convention demands all the State Parties to take proper measures to eliminate discrimination against women in the field of political and public life, nationality, education, employment, health care, rural life, marriage and family relation, the rights of participation in the international organization and Women's capacity, etc. Specially. This Convention emphasizes the elimination of stereo-typed gender role and wants to enhance of the significance of maternity as a social function and the rights to equally participate in the domestic affairs and social life between sexes.
By the way, the Republic of Korea had submitted the Letter of Ratification for this Convention on December 27, 1984, and this Convention was becoming effect from January 26, 1985 in Korea. Since that time. Korean Government has done far-reaching measures for implementation of the Convention in Korea. This measures contain the amendment of the Constitution(1987), enactment of the Equal Employment Opportunity Act(1987), establishment of the 2nd Minister of Political Affairs with authority to coordinate all governmental activities aimed at advancing the status of women(1988), enactment of the Mother-Child Welfare Act(1989), amendment of the Family Law(1990), and the Inheritance/Income Tax Act(1990, 1994, 1995), enactment of the Infant and Child Care Act(1991) and the Act for Punishing Sexual Offenders and Protecting Victims of Sexual Assaults(1994), the Basic Act for Women's Development(1995), etc.
But Korea has been keeping the reservation of Article 9 and Clause (f) of Article 16 of the Convention until now. Article 9 of the Convention demands the elimination of discrimination against women in nationality. And Clause (f) of Article 16 of the Convention demends the same personal rights as husband and wife in choosing family name, a profession and occupation. And the Discrimination against women exists not only in the all the field contained in the ratio of legislators and cabinet ministers, the degree of paticipation in politics and decision-making positions and employment, education, family life but also the existing laws and prevailing social recognition against women.
To realize the fundermental human rights in Korea, the legal literacy about this Convention and the Law relating to women and more positive implementation measures of the Convention by the Coverment must be practiced.

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