1763년 대일통신사선의 건조 -사행록 계미수사록을 중심으로- = Building of Envoy Ships` - Voyaging to Japan in 1763 -Based on the Diplomatic Mission Account Kyemisusarok in 1763-

국문 초록 (Abstract)

‘Kyemisusarok’(계미수사록: the envoy mission account in 1763) is one of the newly disclosed diplomatic envoy`s account, relating to envoy visits to Japan, which were written in 1763. In this account, we can find out some mysterious matters regarding the building of envoy ships and a navigation system during the Yi Dynasty. Many new disclosures were obtained from this account. especially the building specifications and crew list of the ships, these being the most important records ever obtained, such information never having been seen in previous records and articles, excepting `Zeungjeongkyorinji`(增正交隣志 : diplomatic envoy records with Japan) edited by Kim Geun Se, a Japanese interpreter and published in 1802. Furthermore, we have learnt of some mistakes regarding the ship`s specification in `Zeungjeoungkyorinji` compared with the `Kyemisusarok`. The `Kyemisusarok` consist of 8 parts. 1) The building specification of the diplomatic mission fleet in 1763. 2) Building record, 3) Envoy record, 4) Diplomatic records after landing at Osaka, Japan, 5) Itinerary while at sea and on land in Japan, 6) Diplomatic document form for the courtesy visit, 7) Member lists of the diplomatic envoy and crew listings, and 8) Gift list for Bakufu(幕府). The items 1), 2) and 7) are the most important records, which have been seen for the previous cases, amongst these or others records. The Diplomatic envoy fleet to Japan was basically composed of 6 vessels, 3 ships for transportation of the envoy members, and 3 ships for their foods at the sea and the carrying of gift to Japan. Among the 6 ships, 4 ships were builded in Tongyoung, while the other 2 ships were built in Jwasuyoung, Busan. The main specification of the senior envoy ship named ‘Jeongsa-Kisun(正使 騎船)’ WRY was her length of about 30 meter, width of 9.5 meter, with a depth of 3.0 meter and deadweight of approximately 150 tons. This type of vessel compares favorably with the western ships of the `Schooner` type in the middle of the 18th century. During the period 1607 to 1811, diplomatic envoy fleets despatched from Korea to Japan 12 times in all, this was in order to promote diplomatic relationship between Korea and Japan. One envoy unit consists of about 500 persons: they left from Seoul to Busan on foot, Busan to Osaka by ship, and then Osaka to Tokyo on foot. For each visit sea transportation took about 2 months for a round voyage, and about 5 to 6 months for Land travel on the journey between Seoul to Tokyo. During the travelling in Japan, they experienced interchange with many Japanese people, even scholars. However, there had been many cultural exchanges in Japan with books, fine arts, medicines, music, acrobatics, etc. Thus Korea bestowed advanced cultures to Japan through these envoy visits and the envoy member`s activities. Many envoy members wrote various accounts relating to their travelling, both in the official reports and private diaries. But these lacked records on the envoy vessels, crew, the ship building records, and method of navigation. `Kyemisusarok` would now supply us with useful information about these facts.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 "金在瑾 우리 배의 역사" 서울대학교 출판부 1989

2 "조엄의 고구마 전파와 재배법 연구자" 연세대학교 근대한국학연구소 2004

3 "조선통신사와 일본" 지성과샘 1996

4 "조선 후기 造船業과 造船術에 관한 연구" 국사편찬위원회 81 : 1998

5 "장보고시대의 항해술과 한 중항로에 대한 연구" 해군사관학교 해군해양연구소刊 2002

6 "고구마의 朝鮮傳來" 한국동서사학회 (8) : 2001

7 "近世朝鮮과 朝鮮通信使" 경인문화사 1994

8 "統制營運籌堂址" 2000

9 "漕運時代 渡海遣使攷" 효성출판사 1997년3월별쇄본

10 "朝鮮通信使の旅" 明石書店 2000

11 "朝鮮通信使" 明石書店 1995

12 "朝鮮宣祖朝의 對日外交硏究" 도서출판 남양문화 1999

13 "こころの交流 朝鮮通信使" 2001