Experimental study on ultrasonic signal measurement and longitudinal wave transfer in air-CH4 mixture space

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This current work offers the experimental method which is capable of measuring the air-methane gas using L-wave by an ultrasound sensor in a constant volume chamber (CVC). For experimental method, a constant volume chamber is integrated with of a high-sensitive ultrasound sensor, a conventional ultrasound sensor, a non-resistance cable, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and two mounted zigs.
The main conditions, for the experiment defined in this work, are composed of 2 bar of initial pressure, 296 K of temperature, air-CH 4mixture of gas fuel, 25 V of input voltage, 3 Hz of pulse rate and 0.2-2 of measurement distance (m) for two different ultrasonic sensors.
The resonant frequency is set 67.6, 70.6, 73.6 and 76.6 kHz by adjusting wavelength inside the circuit system. It is shown that sensitivity in ethylene vinyl acetate matching layer (EVAM) type is remarkably increased comparing with the chemical wood matching layer (CWM) type. Moreover, in comparison to the conventional CWM type, the amplitude height of EVAM type shows 1.19 V at 1 st , 1.05 V at 2 nd , 0.63 V of 3 rd , 0.40 V at 4 th and 0.27 V at 5 th in CVC. With regards to the average percentage, the EVAM type is shown up to 116, 250, 270, 263 and 350 % for 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd , 4 th and 5 th comparing with the conventional. Consequently, the voltage characteristics improved by EVAM type layer is demonstrated that energy transfer is higher than CWM type in CVC and efficiently led to increasing the ultrasonic sensitivity in an air-methane mixture.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 M. Larsson, "Ultrasound speckle tracking for radial, longitudinal and circumferential strain estimation of the carotid artery -An in vitro validation via sonomicrometry using clinical and high-frequency ultrasound" 56 : 399-408, 2015

2 Y. Jia, "Ultrasound measurements of segmental temperature distribution in solids : Method and its high-temperature validation" 66 : 91-102, 2016

3 P.-E. Martinsson, "Ultrasonic measurements of molecular relaxation in ethane and carbon monoxide" 2002

4 I. J. O’sullivan, "Ultrasonic measurement of gas flow using electrostatic transducers" (1-8) : 407-411, 2002

5 Z. Zakaria, "Ultrasonic instrumentation system for liquefied petroleum gas level monitoring" 45 : 428-435, 2017

6 M. K. -K. Figueiredo, "Ultrasonic attenuation and sound velocity assessment for mixtures of gasoline and organic compounds" 191 : 170-175, 2017

7 K. Kim, "The application of ultrasonic waves and envelope energies in a closed chamber based on an air/methane mixture" 91 : 92-102, 2019

8 X. He, "Study on synergistic toughening of polypropylene with high-density polyethylene and elastomer-olefin block copolymers under ultrasonic application" 161 : 115-123, 2018

9 K. Ohta, "Study on optimizing ultrasonic irradiation period for thick polycrystalline PZT film by hydrothermal method" 53 (53): 837-841, 2013

10 T. Asami, "Study of ultrasonic machining by longitudinal-torsional vibration for processing brittle materials-observation of machining marks" 70 : 118-121, 2015

11 H. Kim, "Signal analysis of ultrasonic sensor according to pressure change in CNG tank using attenuation characteristics of ultrasound" 9 (9): 101-107, 2017

12 Z. Zhang, "Review of high power pulse transformer design" 32 : 566-574, 2012

13 X.-H. Min, "Realtime ultrasonic measurement during tensile testing of aluminum alloys" 392 (392): 87-93, 2005

14 A. Boussouar, "Plantar fascia segmentation and thickness estimation in ultrasound images" 56 : 60-73, 2017

15 Y. Xu, "Over-reading modeling of the ultrasonic flow meter in wet gas measurement" 98 : 17-24, 2017

16 J. Zhang, "Molecular dynamics simulation of methane gas flow in nanopores" 2018

17 A. Demirbas, "Methane hydrates as potential energy resource : Part 2-Methane production processes from gas hydrates" 51 (51): 1562-1571, 2010

18 T. K. Jagannathan, "Mechanistic modeling of destratification in cryogenic storage tanks using ultrasonics" 54 (54): 76-83, 2014

19 J. E. Carlson, "Measurement of methane content in upgraded biogas using pulse-echo ultrasound" 2007

20 V. Kaikaris, "Measurement of melanoma thickness-comparison of two methods : Ultrasound versus morphology" 64 (64): 796-802, 2011

21 M. Shan, "Gas concentration detection using ultrasonic based on wireless sensor networks" IEEE 2010

22 L. Labarrere, "Experimental and numerical study of cyclic variations in a constant volume combustion chamber" 172 : 49-61, 2016

23 J. C. Simon, "Effect of carbon dioxide on the twinkling artifact in ultrasound imaging of Kidney stones : A pilot study" 43 (43): 877-883, 2017

24 M. Michaud, "Design parameters of stainless steel plates for maximizing high frequency ultrasound wave transmission" 26 : 56-63, 2015

25 S. L. Oswal, "Densities, speeds of sound, isentropic compressibilities, refractive indices and viscosities of binary mixtures of tetrahydrofuran with hydrocarbons at 30315 K" 116 (116): 109-118, 2005

26 H. D. Setiabudi, "Comparative study of Ni-Ce loading method : Beneficial effect of ultrasonic-assisted impregnation method in CO2 reforming of CH4 over Ni-Ce/SBA-15" 6 (6): 745-753, 2018

27 Z. Tang, "Changes to coal pores and fracture development by ultrasonic wave excitation using nuclear magnetic resonance" 186 : 571-578, 2016

28 M. G. Pereira, "Assessment of subcritical propane, ultrasound-assisted and Soxhlet extraction of oil from sweet passion fruit (Passiflora alata Curtis) seeds" 128 : 338-348, 2017

29 H. J. Fang, "Anodic aluminum oxideepoxy composite acoustic matching layers for ultrasonic transducer application" 70 : 29-33, 2016

30 L. Weng, "An ultrasoundconductivity method for measuring gas holdup in a microbubble-based gas-liquid system" 96 (96): 1005-1011, 2018

31 L. He, "An ultrasonic level measuring technique based on radiation dissipation and its industrial application" 40 : 178-184, 2014