팬데믹 상황에서의 관계적 돌봄: 파킨슨증 아버지의 돌봄 사례를 중심으로

국문 초록 (Abstract)

신종 코로나바이러스19 팬데믹은 전 지구적으로 익명 혹은 숫자로만 기억되는 수많은 죽음과 사회적 고통을 남겼으며 여전히 진행 중이다. 무엇보다 ‘적절한 사회적 거리유지’라는 방역수칙과 돌봄을 위한 인적·물적 가용 자원이 부족 혹은 제한된 상황에서 돌봄인의 ‘좋은’ 혹은 ‘최선’의 실천은 거부되거나, 유예되거나, 실천이 불가능했다. ‘제대로’ 돌볼 수 없는 상황은 돌봄인에게 도덕적 갈등을 느끼게 했지만, 돌봄인들은 이러한 상황에도 불구하고 제한된 상황과 조건에서 끊임없이 새로운 시도를 했다. 본 논문은 팬데믹 기간 동안 파킨슨증으로 투병과 죽음을 마주했던 아버지를 돌봤던 딸의 돌봄 서사를 바탕으로 어떻게 돌봄이 변화를 요구받았으며, 복잡하면서도 역동적으로 변화했는지, 그리고 그 과정에서 돌봄인은 어떻게 대응했는지를 살피고 그 의미를 밝히고자 한다. 특히 불확실하고, 실패를 거듭하면서도 끊임없이 도전하고, 감내하는 돌봄을 일상의 윤리적 실천이라는 관점에서 재평가한다. 나아가 ‘도덕적 실험’ 개념을 바탕으로 일상의 영역에서 평가받지 못하고, 쉽게 사라지고 기억되지 못할뻔한 비공식적 돌봄을 인정의 정치로 초대한다. 결론적으로 기존의 돌봄연구에서 독립적인 개인의 자율성에 중심을 둔 도덕적·윤리적 접근을 비판한다. 나아가 팬데믹 상황임에도 불구하고 시간과 공간을 뛰어넘어 비인간까지 포함하는 체화적·관계적·물질적인 돌봄실천을 강조함으로써 인류학적인 돌봄의 도덕적·윤리적 실천연구에 기여하고자 한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

An ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 has left numerous anonymous deaths that are remembered only in numbers worldwide with social sufferings. Above all, under the exceptional circumstances of Korea, the caregivers experienced rejection, suspension, or the impossible to practice their ‘good’ or ‘best’ practices keeping the proper social distancing rules with limited or lack of human and material resources available for care. This reality often gave a deep moral striving to the caregivers, while they constantly made new attempts to change their circumstances and conditions. Yet studies and discussions in anthropology related to informal care are rarely studied in the context of the pandemic of Korea. Based on the narrative of a caregiver who is the daughter of a father with Parkinson plus syndrome who fought and died within the period, this study explores how the care was demanded to change during the pandemic with caregiver’s response and how it changed in a complex and dynamic way over time. In doing so, we urgently diagnose how caregiver has responded and revealed their moral and ethical implications. In particular, we re-evaluate the care under the uncertainty and unsuccessfulness of how continuously it faces challenges and endures, with the perspective of ordinary ethical practice. The informal care that is easily lost or rarely recognized and unevaluated to the realm of daily lives invites into the politics of recognition based on the concept of ‘moral experiment.’ In conclusion, we contribute to an anthropological study of morality and ethics in care practices during the COVID-19 pandemic by criticizing the former approaches centered on independent individual autonomy and emphasizing the embodied, relational and material care practice beyond human beings from time and space.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 들어가며
• 2. 팬데믹 상황과 도덕적 실험
• 3. 이승훈의 파킨슨증과 요양병원 입원
• 4. 끊임없는 시도와 협상
• 5. 위약과 ‘착한’ 속임
• 6. 물리적 거리와 관계적 거리의 조율
• 7. 죽음을 마주하는 문화적 실천의 재구성
• 8. 나오며
• 참고문헌

참고문헌 (Reference)

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