애도와 공포, 그 사이 - 중국 소수민족 신화와 의례에 나타난 죽음과 치유 = Between Mourning and Fear : Death and Healing in the Myth and Rituals of Chinese Minorities

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

󰡔Zhilujing(指路經)󰡕(The Guiding Scripture), is a song that lights up the path of the soul, sung by a priest for the soul of the deceased who is leaving for the land of his ancestors. The song is sung for the dead, but ultimately for the living. The song helps to leave the soul of the dead from “the cemetery” of the living so that the living is able to return to their daily lives. The song which enables true mourning, thus, has the power of healing. However, not all the deceased return to the land of their ancestors while listening to the priest's song. The song only applies to those who have suffered a normal death, a safe death. Those who face abnormal death, or dangerous death, are not subject to “guiding(指路)”, but to “separation(分離)”. The separation ritual, which is given to those who need the most “guiding”, makes us think a lot about the “mourning” shown by 󰡔Zhilujing󰡕 and the “fear” of dealing with dangerous death. This paper introduces the contents of 󰡔Zhilujing󰡕, which is passed down by the Qiang(羌) ethnic group in southwestern China, and thinks about the healing function it shows. At the same time, let's look at the feelings of mourning and fear contained in the harsh and desperate separation rituals for those who died “abnormal” and the ambivalent values of responsibility for the village community and individual healing, sometimes coexisting and sometimes conflicting, existed together.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 왕철, "프로이트와 데리다의 애도 이론" 58 (58): 2012

2 마이크 파커 피어슨, "죽음의 고고학" 사회평론 2009

3 김근하, "우리가 죽음과 함께 산다는 것은-상실·비탄·애도치유" 가리온 2015

4 김선자, "영혼의 길 밝혀주는 노래, 『지로경』" 소나무 2010

5 임진수, "애도와 멜랑콜리" 파워북 2013

6 왕은철, "애도예찬" 현대문학 2012

7 맹정현, "멜랑꼴리의 검은 마술" 책담 2015

8 강남순, "데리다와의 데이트" 행성비 2022

9 김선자, "나시족 창세신화와 돔바문화" 민속원 2019

10 楊超, "黔西北彝族喪葬儀式及其心理療愈功能硏究" 貴州民族大學 2021

11 怡思子, "送魂歌(基諾族)" (3) : 1988

12 楊甫旺, "論彝族魂鬼觀念" (1) : 2011

13 王承權, "試析寧蒗納西族的葬俗" (4) : 1981

14 雲南省少數民族古籍整理出版規劃辦公室, "裵妥梅妳-蘇嫫(祖神源流)" 雲南民族出版社 1991

15 楊永明, "苗族指路經 (文山卷)" 雲南民族出版社 2005

16 和士華, "納西族的遷徙與融合" 雲南人民出版社 2007

17 和少英, "納西族文化史" 雲南人民出版社 2011

18 李靜生, "納西族喪葬文化硏究" 雲南民族出版社 1992

19 古濤, "納木依帕子超長幅圖經『措布魯古』初探" 31 (31): 2014

20 旺呑, "景頗族的喪葬和送魂儀式" (5) : 1990

21 祁德川, "景頗族原始宗敎文化硏究" 德宏民族出版社 2012

22 雲南省少數民族古籍整理出版規劃辦公室, "斯批黑遮" 雲南民族出版社 1990

23 侯健, "指路經中的苗族精神世界分析" 33 (33): 2020

24 石連順 翻譯整理, "指路經(彝族阿細人祭祀詞)" 雲南民族出版社 2005

25 雲南省少數民族古籍整理出版規劃辦公室, "指路經" 雲南民族出版社 1989

26 奚利, "彝族與普米族喪葬儀式中指路經的硏究" 39 (39): 2020

27 貴州省畢節地區彝文翻譯組 整理, "彝族指路叢書 (貴州卷1)" 四川民族出版社 1997

28 張仲仁, "彝族宗敎與信仰" 雲南人民出版社 2006

29 張星梅, "彝族喪葬禁忌文化析論-以雲南直苴彝族非正常死亡者喪葬個案爲例" (5) : 2008

30 龍倮貴, "彝族原始宗敎初探" 遠方出版社 2002

31 나상진, "彝族 四大 創世史詩의 敍事構造와 神話 象徵 硏究" 연세대학교 2011

32 白芝, "彝家葬禮" (4) : 1984

33 巴莫阿依, "彝人的信仰世界" 廣西人民出版社 2004

34 雲南省少數民族古籍整理出版規劃辦公室, "尼蘇奪節" 雲南民族出版社 1985

35 劉祥遠, "古代納西族的生命與死亡的思索" 雲南師範大學 2007

36 單江秀, "反結構與秩序重建" 12 (12): 2020

37 馬麗雲, "勸戒與對話-納西族東巴唱腔與東巴經『魯般魯饒』" 2009

38 馬長壽, "凉山彝族考察報告 (下)" 巴蜀書社 2006