자란(Bletilla striata) 개체군의 식생구조와 토양특성 = A Study on Vegetation Structure and Soil Condition of Bletilla striata Population

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was carried out to analyze the vegetation properties, soil characteristics and ordination of Bletilla striata population in South Korea. The Bletilla striata population was classified into Juniperus rigida dominant population, Rhododendron yedoense var. poukhanense dominant population, Rhus javanica dominant population, Bletilla striata typical population. Bletilla striata were mainly distributed along the coast of south-western regions of the Korean penninsula and it's population was located at an elevation of 4m to 40m. In the study sites, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphate, exchangeable potassium, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, cation exchange capacity and soil pH were 2.38-6.70%, 0.09-0.27%, 1.81-6.85mg/kg, 1.08-1.72cmol+/kg, 3.56-7.71cmol+/kg, 1.52-3.21cmol+/kg, 5.28-16.95cmol+/kg and 4.60-6.01 respectively. Rhododendron yedoense var. poukhanense dominant population was found in the steep sloped area that has high percentage of organic matter, total nitrogen, cation exchange capacity and pH than other populations. Rhus javanica dominant population was found in the gentle sloped area that has less percentage of organic matter, total nitrogen, cation exchange capacity and pH. Juniperus rigida dominant population and Bletilla striata typical population were found in the medium sloped area that has medium percentage of organic matter, total nitrogen, cation exchange capacity and pH. Current status of Bletilla striata habitats is very vulnerable with local development constantly threatening the species’ survival. Thus, concrete conservation plans to protect natural habitats should be set up as soon as possible.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 자란개체군을 식물사회학적 방법으로 분류하고, 식생과 환경과의 상관관계를 밝히고자 분포서열법을 사용하여 분석하였다. 자란개체군은 노간주나무 우점개체군, 산철쭉 우점개체군, 붉나무 우점개체군, 자란 전형개체군으로 분류되었다. 자란개체군은 주로 한반도의 남서해안을 따라 분포하고 해발고 4-40m의 해안가 낮은 사면의 평균 41.7°의 다소 급한 경사지에 위치하고 있다. 토양의 이화학적 성분을 분석한 결과 유기물함량은 2.38-6.70%, 전질소함량 0.09-0.27%, 치환성 K 1.08-1.72cmol+/kg, 치환성 Ca 3.56-7.71cmol+/kg, 치환성 Mg 1.52-3.21cmol+/kg, 양이온치환용량 5.28-16.95cmol+/kg이며, 토양 pH는 4.60-6.01인 것으로 조사되었다. 산철쭉 우점개체군은 경사가 다소 급하고 토양내 양이온치환용량과 pH, 전질소, 유기물함량이 가장 높은 지역에 분포하였다. 붉나무 우점개체군은 경사가 다소 완만하고 양이온치환용량, pH, 전질소, 유기물함량이 상대적으로 낮은 지역에 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 노간주나무 우점개체군과 자란 전형개체군은 중간입지에 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. IUCN의 평가기준에 따라 취약종으로 지정된 희귀식물인 자란은 자생지가 해안가를 따라 분포하는 개체군의 생육특성 상 개발로 인한 훼손으로부터 자생지의 보전을 위한 구체적인 대책 마련이 요구된다.

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