노천명과 시핑메이 시의 비교 연구 : 상실과 애도의 양상을 중심으로 = A Comparative Study of Noh Cheonmyeong and Shi Pingmei’s Poetry: Focusing on the Aspects of Loss and Mourning

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The aim of this study is to examine the recurring manifestations of “loss” in the poetry of No Cheon-myeong and Shi Pingmei by distinguishing between its public and private dimensions, and to explore how this theme is concretely articulated within the poets’ inner worlds and their respective socio-historical contexts. No Cheon-myeong, who personally experienced the upheavals of Korea’s modern history—including the suffering under Japanese colonial rule, the confusion of liberation, and the tragedy of the Korean War—developed a resilient poetic sensibility shaped by these historical ruptures. Likewise, ShiPingmei was an iconic female poet of early twentieth-century China, a period of dramatic social transformation in which foreign imperialist aggression coexisted with the remnants of the feudal order.
Within this socio-historical context, the sense of loss articulated in No Cheon-myeong’s poetry encompasses not only intimate experiences—such as the deaths of her parents, separation from her sister, and unfulfilled love—but also collective experiences, including the deprivation of national sovereignty under colonial rule, the devastation of war, and the trauma of national division. Shi Pingmei similarly endured multiple layers of loss, ranging from the deaths of friends and lovers to the disintegration of traditional social structures and the formation of new social orders in a semi-colonial, semi-feudal society. As a result, in both poets’ works, private and public forms of mourning coexist and frequently intersect, constituting a distinctive feature of their poetic worlds.
The public loss depicted in the poetry of No Cheon-myeong and Shi Pingmei can be examined in two major aspects: the collective suffering caused by war within their historical contexts, and the deaths of heroic figures who resisted such tragedies. No Cheon-myeong, who witnessed the loss of national sovereignty during colonial rule and lived through major historical transitions such as liberation and national division, represents the destruction and desecration of national symbols—such as the Taegeukgi and the name “Republic of Korea”—through poetic imagery reflecting the violence and rupture brought about by war and division. In her elegies for heroic individuals, she not only evokes the brutality of war but also emphasizes the need to preserve their sacrifices within the collective memory of the people and elevate them to sacred and sublime values through symbols such as flower garlands, gestures of respect (like doffing one’s hat or saluting), and ritualistic ceremonial scenes.
Shi Pingmei, who likewise witnessed collective tragedies during China’s turbulent modern era, depicts the horrors of death while simultaneously revealing the revolutionary fervor that emerges from such suffering through symbolic imagery of blood and fire. Her poetic world demonstrates profound affection and admiration for heroic figures, and her representations extend beyond mourning individual sacrifice to emphasize the continuity of revolutionary spirit and the enduring flame of resistance.
The private dimension of loss in the works of both poets centers on the deaths or absence of friends, family members, and lovers, as well as the inner void produced by these experiences. No Cheon-myeong conveys ambivalent emotions—such as sorrow, longing, and resentment—toward familial death and separation through recurring motifs like tears, while silence and emotional restraint function as means of expressing unarticulated inner pain. Shi Pingmei, by contrast, gives voice to grief through the direct naming of the deceased, explicit expressions of sorrow and agony, and depictions of sensory deprivation and emotional numbness, thereby revealing states of melancholia that resist linguistic articulation.
By comparing the works of No Cheon-myeong and Shi Pingmei within an affective framework centered on loss, mourning, and their transformation through melancholia and sublimation, this study highlights both the universality and specificity of Korean and Chinese women’s poetry. Distinguishing between public and private dimensions of loss further deepens our understanding of how the two poets’ aesthetic strategies intersect, diverge, and ultimately generate distinct literary meanings.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• ABSTRACT iii
• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구 배경과 목적 1
• 2. 연구사 검토 4
• 3. 연구 방법 13
• Ⅱ. 노천명과 시핑메이의 생애와 문학 활동 21
• 1. 노천명의 삶과 문학 21
• 2. 시핑메이의 삶과 문학 24
• Ⅲ. 공적 대상의 상실과 시적 표현 28
• 1. 시대적 아픔과 집단적 상실의 형상화 29
• 1) 국가의 주권 상실과 조국의 상징화 과정－노천명 29
• 2) 역사적 책임감과 혁명의 상징화 과정－시핑메이 38
• 2. 영웅에 대한 추모 52
• 1) 희생의 성스러운 의례화－노천명 53
• 2) 희생을 통한 영웅적 불멸성 구축－시핑메이 63
• Ⅳ. 사적 대상의 상실과 시적 표현 70
• 1. 사랑과 가족의 상실이 빚어낸 멜랑콜리 양상 70
• 1) 간접 호명과 반복된 기표－노천명 70
• 2) 직접 호명과 단절된 기표－시핑메이 78
• 2. 내면의 울부짖음과 존재의 외로움 87
• 1) 침묵과 억눌린 감정－노천명 87
• 2) 감각의 상실과 감정의 마비－시핑메이 92
• Ⅴ. 결론 99
• 참고문헌 103
• <부록> 본문에서 인용한 시핑메이 시 전문 110