The neoliberal restructuring of the Philippines’ economy has been taking place for more than four decades in the form of structural adjustment program, export economy, and privatization of land, among others. In the pursuit of the neoliberal dream t...
The neoliberal restructuring of the Philippines’ economy has been taking place for more than four decades in the form of structural adjustment program, export economy, and privatization of land, among others. In the pursuit of the neoliberal dream to become globally competitive, the traditionally agricultural lands at the neighboring regions of Metro Manila, the country’s core region, had been converted into export-processing zone, manufacturing, and industrial areas. The Central Luzon region at the north of Metro Manila portrays the exact case with land conversion in the region being rationalized by decision makers as the urban fringe expansion of the Philippines’ core region.
This research, using secondary data, denounces this rhetoric of land conversion as an outcome of urban expansion, but instead suggests a critical urban study that historically maps out the connection between the social actors promoting neoliberal restructuring policies in the Philippines and the land conversion in the Central Luzon region. Relational network methodology is used in this research to identify the key actors behind the land conversion in the Central Luzon region, the relationship of these actors, and the intended and unintended outcomes of such relationship. By giving primacy to the actors and their relations, this research explores the interests of different social actors such as the former presidents Ferdinand Marcos and Corazon Aquino, the IMF-World Bank, and the economic elites who are argued in this research to induce the earlier land conversions in Central Luzon. The case of Central Luzon highlights that the rapid land conversions from the 1972 slowdown the land distribution for the farming and housing needs of the marginalized sectors of the country. It is argued that rapid land conversion hiding under the discourses of urban expansion, globalization and industrialization was the case of Central Luzon region in the 1970s and 1990s.