Vidya·Rocana의 변천사 고찰 = A Study on the Development of Vidya and Rocana in Esoteric Buddhism

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Regarding the tradition of Indian Buddhism the idea of Light [skt.vidya·rocana] in Buddhism has been developed its idea reflecting religious and doctrinal changes and practice systems concerned with from early Buddhism to later period of Indian Esoteric Buddhism. Far from the religious backgrounds of sun god or incantation of fire in Indian Religion the light in Buddhism symbolizes wisdom of enlightenment to escape from ignorance or to represent original nature of a being as shown in Nikayas. The Vairocana Buddha in Early Mahayana Buddhism was originated from primitive Dharma - kaya of Sectarial Buddhism and developed to three Buddha bodies by adding Sambhoga - kaya and Nirmana - kaya. The practice of Buddhism in the later period of Esoteric Buddhism was to realize a religious object of Dharma - kaya Buddha to the practitioner``s reality which consist of body, speech and mind. In the Hwaom Sutra the Vairocana Buddha was depicted as a religious object pervaded at the universe but in Vairocana Sutra it is presented the Omniscient Wisdom (Sarvajnajna, 一切智智) that the practitioner should attain which wisdom begins with discerning his or her mind [如實知自心]. It is Guhyasamaja - tantra that by way of Generation Stage and Completion Stage the practitioner visualizes the Assembly Mandala which would guide practitioner to realize his Five Accumulations (五蘊), Twelve Ayatanas (十二處) be a reality of Aksobhya Buddha (阿?佛). The Light Enlightenment Stage in both of Generation Stage and Completion Stage succeeded the tradition of Vairocana Buddha in Hwaom Sutra which nature of light was developed to a mind, consciousness, emptiness, Nirvana, Dharma - kaya and others. In Tibetan Buddhism it is shown many religious elements as consequences of development of later period of Esoteric Buddhism the Light of Enlightenment still exist in the practice system of Geluk, Kagyu and Nyingma sects and even in the Book of Dead [Bardo Thodrol] tradition to lead a deceased to the light of Dharma - kaya of his nature. But all of those practices share the foundations of religious rites comes from Guhyasamaja - tantra.

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