손창섭 소설에서 냉소주의의 의미

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

It was known that Son Chang-seop had described the disastrous situation after Korean War most dismally. He invented many peculiar characters those are physically crippled or mentally disabled. Most scholars and critics have noticed that Son made those abnormal situation and queer persons and then he sneered the contemptible characters. When they said Son chang-seop is a cynical writer, the word `cynical` has meant the author`s cynical sneering at the characters in his fiction he made for himself. However, if only we would think about the origin of the word `cynical`, we could know that this concept does not mean so plain and straight a meaning. Cynicism has derived from the name of an ancient Greek `Kynicos school`. Kynicos means `like a dog and the scholars of that school acted strangely with intent to encounter vice and wickedness. Cynical [Cynicisml means not so much ridiculing certain stupidities as a kind of strategies for deriding absurdity and irrationality of (specially) convention and system. That a person is cynical to another is not just sneering at the specific object in a situation but recognizing such a contradictory situation and then rejecting that situation. Therefore the subject and the object of laughing could be reversed on `Cynical` laughing. That is to say, there is sense of distance in `Cynical` laughing, essentially. In fact, a lot of critics already noticed the dual attitudes of a speaker in Son Chang-seop`s stories. The dual attitudes of a speaker in stories(or novels) come under the influence of ironical perception and description of the world. The position of subject and object can be shifted owing to the duplicity of a speaker. Therefore, some queer and stupid act of characters in a story could be explicated a critical conduct against the irrational world when the characters are described so much contemptibly. Son chang-seop`s some stories have similar plot and atmosphere because of certain unique technical methods. First, there are a kind of masochistic drive to appear the character`s ugly and foolish features expressly in his stories. Second, contemptible objects in his stories would exclude the compassion of contemptuous subjects because many terrible scenes are set in foreground. That terrible and gloomy stories seem to blame and criticize the world that compel them to live so much foolishly and ridiculously. We might feel as if the invented world attack our real world. It is not because a speaker`s attitudes are double but because a speaker`s function get divided. The functions of speaker could be two, that of focalizer and that of implied author. In Son Chang-seop`s fiction. the speaker as a focalizer makes a story more irrational while the speaker as an author discloses and ridicules the irrational situation. The fictitious world of Son Chang-seop`s stories has significance by reason of `creation` such a unique world in order to oppose this vicious and malicious world rather than the fiction expressed some true meaning for itself.