This study investigates the efficient operation strategies of the PBS (Project-Based System) within government-funded research institutes, focusing on its impact on research performance. The PBS was introduced to enhance research performances, and thi...
This study investigates the efficient operation strategies of the PBS (Project-Based System) within government-funded research institutes, focusing on its impact on research performance. The PBS was introduced to enhance research performances, and this research aims to empirically analyze its effectiveness and propose an optimized operational strategy. Specifically, we examine the interaction between budget support methods and institutional types to discern the differential impacts and suggest tailored policy directions. Using data from 21 government-funded research institutes spanning 2014 to 2021, including contribution and entrusted projects, the impact of budget support method on research performance and the impact of institution type as a control variable were analyzed through a regression analysis model, and the impact of the PBS on research performance creation by institution type was compared and analyzed. According to the analysis results, research performance was shown to be affected by the budget support method according to the PBS system and the interaction effect between budget support method and institution type. Budget support method and type of institution are major factors that can affect research performance, and it was found that budget support policies that take into account the characteristics of each institution are necessary to improve research performance. First, it appears that there is empirical evidence for the need for differentiated application depending on the type of institution as an effective operation strategy for the PBS. This means that the impact of budget support methods on research performance creation can act differently depending on the type of institution, and the characteristics of each institution should be included as a key consideration in establishing policies to improve research performance. Second, considering the impact of the PBS on research performance by type of institution, it is necessary to adjust the PBS ratio for each institution to maximize research performance. In the case of scientific research performances, it was found that the introduction of the PBS system had an effect of hindering the creation of research performances in both the basic source field and the industrial technology field, and the de ree of this was found to be greater in the basic source field. This means that scientific research performances can be improved by increasing the contribution ratio in the basic source field and industrial technology field. Considering that scientific research performances are especially important in the basic source field, this means that more stable contribution support is needed compared to other fields. Meanwhile, in the case of technical research performances, only the large public sector was found to have an inhibitory effect on the creation of research performances due to the introduction of the PBS, which means that the contribution ratio
of the large public sector should be increased to improve technical research performances. Third, the argument from the research field that research performance is hindered by the introduction of the PBS appears to have some empirical basis. In all cases where the PBS had a significant impact on the creation of research performances, it was confirmed that it was in the direction of hindering the creation of research performances. In response to continued demands from the research field, improvements have been made to gradually increase the proportion of government contributions. Analysis results means that the improvement not only reflects field requirements, but also has been progressed in a way that meets the purpose of introducing the PBS, which is to improve research performances. In addition, according to the results of this study that the introduction of the PBS has the effect of hindering the creation of research performances, it is better to ensure a stable and autonomous research environment, such as a grant project, rather than tight external project management, such as a government-funded project, to improve research performance.