중국인 한국어 학습자를 위한 종결어미 ‘-구나’, ‘-군’, ‘-네’ 연구

국문 초록 (Abstract)

本文以韩语感叹型终结语尾中,韩国人日常生活中使用频率很高，但中国的韩语学习者在学习时难以互相区分，使用时也经常出现不自然情况的连接语尾‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’为研究目标进行了分析。
从终结语尾‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’在传据范畴意义和意外范畴意义出发,通过分析韩国电视剧中韩国人实际日常生活中的谈话内容和场面,分析了‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’的传据范畴意义和意外范畴意义,以及和中文的语气词,动词,副词,短语等的对应情况,向韩语教师提供在向中国韩语学习者教授‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’时的有效学习资料,并以此为基础,分析中国的大学韩语系中以及韩语教育机构里使用的韩国语教材中‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’的实际情况，指出教材的不足之处，并提出有效的改进方案，为中国韩国语学习者提供更有效的教育资料。本论文的主要内容如下：
第1章中，初步介绍了本文的研究目标，先行研究和研究方法。
第2章中，对韩语的言据性和意外性、汉语的言据性和意外性等理论概念进行了全面考察。言据性是一个可以表示命题的信息来源和肯定程度的语法范畴。意外性也是一个独立的语法范畴，它表示了由背景知识与命题内容之间的相关性引起的新的、意想不到的内容。韩语的言据性和意外性意义大部分都是通过终结语尾来表达的，而汉语的言据性和意外性意义除了通过句末语气词之外，通过别的语言形式来表达的情况也很多，所以中国的韩语学习者在学习时‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’时，因为语言形式的不同，常常会感到困难。
在第3章中，通过韩国电视剧<浪漫的体质>，<那年，我们的夏天>的剧本中包含终结词尾‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’的台词，一一分析了‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’在实际生活的对话中包含的传据范畴意义和意外范畴意义，以及对应的每个中文表达的具体意义，在分析了‘-군’，‘-구나’各自和中文的对照情况后，对比分析了‘-군’和‘-구나’的差异，得出了‘-군’不能像‘-구나’那样充分表现出说话者的惊讶和意外的结论。但‘-군’和‘-요’结合在一起的时候，‘-군’这种像独白一样的语气就会消失，变得接近‘-구나’的语气。在分析完‘-네’与中文的对照情况后，为了向中国韩语学习者提供更有效的三者的辨别学习资料，分析了‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’三者在中文对照情况中显露出的共同点和不同点。
在第四章中分析了目前中国韩国语教育机关中常用的韩国语教材中终结语尾‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’的顺序，语法说明和练习活动，发现了教材中的不足之处并提出了改进建议。首先先,教材中没有充分反应出‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’的传据范畴意义和意外范畴意义，以及没有包含能够分辨‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’内容的练习活动。因此，中国韩语学习者在学习‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’时可能会感到混淆，在谈话中不能够正确地使用。为了让中国韩语学习者更加系统地掌握‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’应该在教材中进行充分的语法说明并提供有效的练习活动。因此,为了改进教材中出现的问题,并向中国韩语学习者提供有效的学习信息，使学习者们更准确地掌握‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’的传据范畴意义和意外范畴意义，应该以学习者们容易理解的词汇进行说明。并且在练习活动部分，编写了‘-구나/-군요’,‘-군’,‘-네’各自的练习活动，以及能够有效区分‘-구나’,‘-네’的练习活动。
本文从言据性范畴和意外性范畴出发，对帮助韩语学习者系统地理解终结语尾‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’具有重要意义。另外,对‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’与中文的对照情况分析提供了有效的资料。以及在‘-군’，‘-구나’，‘-네’的传据范畴意义和意外范畴意义为基础，向学习者提供的有效的练习活动这一点上也具有意义。

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The research objectives of this study is to analyze the exclamatory ending in Korean-language '-구나','-군','-네',which are used frequently by Koreans in daily life, but are difficult for Chinese Korean learners to distinguish them during learning and the unnatural connection ending often appears when using.
Starting from the meanings of the Evidentiality and Mirativity of '-구나','-군','-네', through the analysis of the content and scenes of Korean people's actual daily life in Korean dramas, the analysis of the evidentiality and mirativity meaning in'-구나','-군','-네', the evidentiality meaning and mirativity meaning, as well as the correspondence with Chinese modal particles, verbs, adverbs, phrases, etc.are provided to Korean teachers when teaching chinese Korean learners '-구나','-군','-네'as effective learning materials, and based on this, analyze the Korean language teaching materials used in Chinese universities and Korean language education institutions '-구나','-군','-네', point out the deficiencies of teaching materials, and propose effective improvement plans to provide more effective educational materials for Chinese Korean language learners. The main contents of this study are as follows:
Chapter 1, preliminary introduction to the purpose of and necessity of this dissertation, then presents the study subject and the methodology usedwith this dissertation.
Chapter 2, Investigated comprehensively about the theoretical concepts of Evidentiality and Mirativity in Korean, and Evidentiality and Mirativity in Chinese are investigated comprehensively. Evidentiality is an independent grammatical category indicating the information source of the statement from directly witness or indirectly inferways by speaker. Mirativity is also an independent grammatical category that represents a new, unexpected or non-internalized information causing by the correlativity between integrated knowledge and content of proposition. Most of the Evidentiality and Mirativity meanings of Korean are expressed through the endings, while Chinese are expressed through other language forms besides sentence-ending particles. There are many, so Chinese Korean learners often find it difficult to learn'-구나','-군','-네'because of the different language forms.
Chapter 3, Analyzing the Korean drama <Be Melodramatic>, <Our Beloved Summer> contains lines ending in '-구나','-군','-네', one by one '-구나','-군','-네' in the real-life dialogue contains the Evidentiality and Mirativity meanings，as well as the corresponding specific meaning of each Chinese expression, in the analysis of '-구나','-군'，After comparing the respective and Chinese, the differences between '-군' and '-구나' were compared and analyzed, and it was concluded that '-군' could not fully express the speaker's surprise and surprise like '-구나'. But when '-군' and '-요' are combined, the monologue-like tone of '-군' disappears and becomes closer to the tone of '-구나'. After analyzing the comparison between '-네' and Chinese, in order to provide Chinese Korean learners with more effective learning materials for distinguishing the three Commonalities and differences revealed in the Chinese control situations.
Chapter 4, Analyzes the endings '-구나','-군','-네'in the Korean language textbooks commonly used in Korean language education institutions in China, the grammar explanation and the practice activities, and found that in the textbooks deficiencies and suggested improvements. First of all, the textbook does not fully reflect the Evidentiality and Mirativity meanings of '-구나','-군','-네', and does not include the ability to distinguish '-구나','-군','-네' content practice activities. Therefore, Chinese Korean learners may get confused when learning '-구나','-군','-네' and not be able to use them correctly in conversation. In order for Chinese Korean learners to master '-'-구나','-군','-네' more systematically, sufficient grammar explanations and effective practice activities should be provided in the textbook. In order to help Chinese Korean learners are able to grasp the Evidentiality and Mirativity meaning of '-구나','-군','-네' more accurately, we should improve the problems in the teaching materials and provide effective learing information to Chinese Korean learners. And in the practice activity section, writing the practice activities of ‘-구나/-군요’, ‘-군’, and ‘-네’, as well as the practice activities that can effectively distinguish between ‘-구나’ and ‘-네’.
This study starts from Evidentiality and Mirativity, which is of great significance to help Korean learners to understand the endings of '-구나','-군','-네' in a systematic way. In addition, it is provide effective material to the comparative analysis of '-구나','-군','-네' and Chinese..( And based on the (Evidentiality and Mirativity meaning of '-구나','-군','-네'. It is also meaningful to learners in terms of effective practice activities )

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 서론 1
• 1.1. 연구 목적 1
• 1.2. 선행 연구 4
• 1.3. 연구 방법 8
• 2. 이론적 배경 10
• 2.1. 증거성 10
• 2.2. 의외성 22
• 3. ‘-구나’, ‘-군’, ‘-네’와 중국어의 대응 30
• 3.1. ‘-구나’와 중국어의 대응 31
• 3.2. ‘-군’과 중국어의 대응 47
• 3.3. ‘-네’와 중국어의 대응 56
• 3.4. ‘-구나’, ‘-군’, ‘-네’의 공통점과 차이점 73
• 4. 한국어 교재에서 ‘-구나’, ‘-군’, ‘-네’의 제시 양상 78
• 4.1. 교재 선정과 분석 기준 78
• 4.2. 교재 분석 81
• 4.3. 분석 결과 및 제언 94
• 5. 결론 104
• 참고문헌 108
• ABSTRACT 116