Marital Status and Female Labor Force Participation in Sri Lanka: An Empirical Study of Annual Labor Force Survey 2021
Iresha Udayangani Rankiri Pathirannehelage
International Development
Graduate School of International Studies
Seoul National Univ...
Marital Status and Female Labor Force Participation in Sri Lanka: An Empirical Study of Annual Labor Force Survey 2021
Iresha Udayangani Rankiri Pathirannehelage
International Development
Graduate School of International Studies
Seoul National University
Low female labor force participation (FLFP) is an issue currently being discussed in Sri Lanka. While the male labor force participation rate is around 70%, female labor force participation rate is only around 30%. As such, females remain under-represented in the Sri Lankan labor force, despite increasing number of women attaining educational and professional qualifications. Female literacy rate is very high in Sri Lanka same as the male literacy rate. Although Sri Lanka has shown a remarkable achievement in the education of both male and female, there is a huge gap in the labor force participation of male and female. A national level policy intervention is required improve the FLFP, which will not only increase the supply of labor as a factor of production, but also will enhance the ability to create value in the labor force through new skills and talent brought in by gender diversity. Since Sri Lanka is still a developing country, currently having a huge economic crisis, there is an urgent need of accelerating the economic activities to improve the living statues of the people. Increasing the FLFP is important not only for the economic development but also for the development of women themselves. In order to increase the FLFP, it is vital to explore the reasons for this low FLFP in Sri Lanka. This study tries to clarify that marriage is an obstacle for women to participate actively in labor force or not. It could be found some studies which are exploring these factors but it is not abundant. Both developed and developing countries have been identified, getting married as an obstacle for FLFP. It is needed to test that hypothesis in Sri Lankan context. This effort is for cherishing the existing literature by filling the above research gap by identifying the relationship between the ‘marital status’ and the ‘female labor force participation’ in Sri Lanka. This identification is important for policy makers to take correct decisions where necessary. Although there are so many reports which are discussing the issue of low FLFP in Sri Lanka, only a few scientific studies have addressed this issue. Those studies also mostly tried to identify the reasons for low FLFP in Sri Lanka broadly. It cannot be found scientific studies which are directly tested the relationship between marital statues and FLFP in Sri Lanka. This study tries to fill that research gap. The questions of Q1. ‘Does female labor force participation vary by marital status in Sri Lanka?’, Q2. ‘In which situations females’ participation is less in the labor force?’ and Q3. ‘What is the relationship of ‘being a widowed, divorced or separated’ with ‘FLFP’?’ are answered by this research in relation to the Sri Lankan context. For this study, data was obtained from Sri Lanka annual labor force survey in 2021 conducted by the Department of Census and Statistics, Sri Lanka. The Logit model (Logistic Regression) was used to analyze the data using STATA package. The results confirm that getting married significantly decreases the likelihood of FLFP as paid employees in Sri Lanka as expected from this study.
Keyword: Female Labor Force Participation, Marital Status, Sri Lanka
Student Number: 2022-20681