기업에 의한 대규모 인권침해의 구조: 밀양 송전선 분쟁에 대한 사례연구 = The Structure of Large-Scale Human Rights Violations Committed by Business Enterprises: A Qualitative Case Study on Disputes over the Power Cable Construction at Milyang

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Large-scale human rights violations committed by business enterprises are found all over the world in the global age. Assuming that there might be a pattern or patterns for such human rights violations, I tried to describe the structure of large-scale human rights violations committed by a business enterprise. As a methodology I conducted a qualitative case study, depending on the Grounded Theory. After collecting data mostly through interviews, I coded them into categories and finally developed a theoretical proposition. Research object was the human rights violations committed by Korea Electronic Power Corporation (KEPCO) during the construction of 765kV power cables which passed through Milyang area. Human rights at issue were environmental right and right to property. This article describes in what way KEPCO violated these human rights of Milyang villagers. The research identified 4 stages of the human rights violations committed by KEPCO. First stage was to single out human rights victims. In determining the route for power cables, KEPCO selected the land of the socially weakest. Second stage was to weaken the collective power of human rights victims, by bribing community leaders and by negotiating individually, instead of collectively. As a consequence of the second stage, community culture and ties have been seriously damaged. Third stage was to isolate human rights victims from the other part of society, with the help of mass media. Fourth stage was to forcefully suppress the resistance of human rights victims, for which state power, especially police, was mobilized. This is the structure of large-scale human rights violations committed by KEPCO at Milyang. However, Milyang is not the only place where KEPCO has abused human rights in this way. Such type of violations has been a part of its business routines ever since it ran the business. Similar types of violations can also be found in the large-scale human rights violations committed by other domestic and transnational enterprises. Thus the structure of human rights violation found in this case study might be generalized as a pattern of large-scale human rights violations committed by business enterprises. This article does not definitely argue that the structure found in this research is a pattern found commonly in most of the large-scale corporate human rights violations, but it implies strong probability for it.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 엄은희, "환경(부)정의의 공간성과 스케일의 정치학" 공간과 사회 22 (4) : 51 ~ 91, 2012

2 이광석, "행정과 생활세계의 충돌과 조화에 관한 연구: 의식의 흐름 방법을 적용한 밀양 송전탑 사태의 분석" 한국행정학보 48 (3) : 147 ~ 174, 2014

3 국가인권위원회, "해외진출 한국기업의 인권침해 실태조사" 2013

4 조선비즈, "한전, 밀양 송전탑 관련 주민 매수…주민대표 통장에 3500만원 입금" 2014. 10. 16, 2014

5 한국전력, "한전, 밀양 765kV 송전선로 건설공사 관련 입장 발표" 2013. 5. 18, 2013

6 김영천, "질적연구방법론 ; Bricoleur" 아카데미프레스, 2012

7 John Creswell, "질적 연구방법론" 학지사, 2010

8 국가인권위원회, "중소기업 인권경영 실태조사 및 법령제도 개선방안 연구" 2014

9 이계수, "주거권의 재산권적 재구성: 강제퇴거금지법 제정운동에 붙여" 민주법학 (46) : 13 ~ 55, 2011

10 엄은희, "저항의 공간 ; 환경(부)정의의 공간성과 스케일의 정치학 밀양 송전탑 갈등을 사례로" 공간과사회 42, 2012

11 성동규, "용산사태 관련 보도: 정파적 보도로 희생된 국민의 알권리" 신문과방송, 2009

12 조선일보, "외부세력 유무, 군산ㆍ밀양 송전탑 합의 성패 갈랐다" 사설, 2013. 12. 14, 2013

13 이원재, "왜 글로벌 패션의류기업은 인권경영에 나서게 되었나?" 패션정보와 기술 6, 2009

14 조선일보, "송전탑반대 전국 확산, 이대로라면 나라가 제자리걸음" 사설, 2013. 8. 5, 2013

15 중앙일보, "밀양송전탑 공사는 재개되어야 한다" 사설, 2013. 9. 12, 2013

16 밀양 765kV 송전탑 반대대책위원회, "밀양 송전탑 ‘벌금폭탄’사태에 대한 불복종 노역형 선언 기자회견 자료" 2015

17 최흥석, "밀양 송전선로 건설 갈등의 인지격차 분석: 한국전력 대 지역주민" 한국행정논집 26 (4) : 815 ~ 838, 2014

18 이상수, "밀양 송전선 분쟁에 대한 기업인권적 접근" 법학논집 18 (2) : 119 ~ 158, 2013

19 이화연, "밀양 고압 송전선로 건설 갈등에 대한 일간지 보도 분석: 환경정의 관점에서" 경제와 사회 (98) : 40 ~ 76, 2013

20 윤택림, "문화사와 역사연구를 위한 질적 연구방법론" 아르케, 2013

21 함승경, "담론경쟁을 통한 PR 커뮤니케이션 사회적 차원 확대 연구밀양 송전탑 건설 갈등을 중심으로" 홍보학연구 18 (1) : 276 ~ 319, 2014

22 이상헌, "다중스케일 관점에서 본 밀양 송전탑 갈등 연구" 공간과사회 48, 2014

23 이상수, "기업의 사회적 책임 맥락에서 본 유노칼 판결의 의미" 법학논총 31 (2) : 185 ~ 216, 2011

24 이상수, "기업과 인권이슈에 대한 국제사회의 대응: 유엔 기업인권규범 및 기업인권 이행지침의 재평가" 법과사회 (44) : 99 ~ 126, 2013

25 홍성수, "기업과 인권에 대한 국제사회의 대응 －최근 UN의 논의에 대한 비평－" 법학논총 35 (2) : 65 ~ 95, 2011

26 존 러기, "기업과 인권" 필맥, 2014

27 Glaser, Barney G, "근거이론의 발견: 질적 연구전략" 학지사, 2011

28 연합뉴스, "경남 밀양 송전탑 현장 경찰력 투입 비용 100억" 2014. 6. 27, 2014

29 McBarnet, Doreen, "The New Corporate Accountability: Corporate Social Responsibility and the Law" Cambridge University Press, 2009

30 Kolhatkar, Sonali, "The Impact of U.S. Intervention on Afghan Women's Rights" Berkeley Women’s L.J 17 : 12 ~, 2002

31 Goodmark, Legh, "Telling Stories, Saving Lives: The Battered Mother's Testimony Project, Women's Narratives, and Court Reform" Airz. St. L.J 37 : 709 ~, 2005

32 Women in the Law Project, "No Justice, No Peace: Accountability for Rape and Gender-Based Violence in the Former Yugoslavia" Hastings Women’s L.J 55 : 89 ~, 1994

33 UN Human Rights Council, "Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights: Implementing the United Nations “Protect, Respect and Remedy” Framework, A/HRC/17/31" 2011

34 United Nations, "Final Report of the Group of Experts on the Democratic Republic of the Congo" 2010

35 Oko, Okechukwu, "Confronting Transgressions of Prior Military Regimes Towards a More Pragmatic Approach" Cardozo J. Int'l & Comp. L 11 : 89 ~, 2003