Managing the side effects of psychotropic medications

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Foreword to the Second Edition = xv
• Preface = xvii
• List of Abbreviations = xxiii
• List of Drugs = xxvii
• Part Ⅰ General Considerations
• 1 The Psychiatrist as Physician = 3
• Primary Care Psychiatry = 3
• Differentiating Adverse Drug Effects From Primary Illness Symptoms or Nonpsychiatric Medical Problems = 5
• The Nocebo Phenomenon and Proneness to Adverse Effects = 17
• Negative Therapeutic Reactions = 20
• Attribution and Causality = 21
• Paradoxical Adverse Effects = 23
• Extrapolating "Evidence-Based Research Findings" to "Real-World" Patients = 26
• Dose Relationships and Adverse Effects = 28
• FDA Warnings and Precautions = 32
• Risk-Benefit Analyses = 33
• General Approach to Assessing Adverse Drug Effects = 43
• 2 Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Pharmacogenomics = 47
• Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics = 47
• Toxic Polypharmacy = 57
• Gender and Racial Differences in Adverse Effects = 59
• Alcohol = 62
• Brand Versus Generic Formulations = 62
• Enantiomeric Versus Racemic Agents, and Parent Versus Metabolite Compounds = 63
• Drug Blood Levels = 64
• Pharmacogenomic Predictors of Adverse Effects = 65
• 3 Vulnerable Populations = 77
• Patients' Diverse Proneness to Drug Side Effects = 77
• Children = 78
• Medically Ill Patients = 79
• Older Adults = 81
• Patients Prone to Somatization = 85
• 4 Adverse Psychiatric Effects of Nonpsychotropic Medications = 89
• Analgesics = 89
• Anticholinergics = 90
• Anticonvulsants = 91
• Antimicrobials = 91
• Antineoplastics = 92
• Antiparkinsonian Agents = 94
• Antiviral and Antiretroviral Agents = 95
• Cardiovascular Drugs = 95
• Dermatological Agents = 97
• Gastrointestinal Agents = 97
• Hormone Supplements = 97
• Immunosuppressants = 98
• Interferon-α = 98
• Oral Contraceptives and Intravaginal Rings = 101
• Smoking Cessation Aids = 103
• Steroids = 103
• 5 Adverse Psychiatric Effects of Psychiatric Medications = 105
• Activation and Mania／Hypomania or Mixed States = 105
• Anxiety and Panic = 108
• Clinical Trial Subjects With Psychiatric Illness = 108
• Discontinuation Phenomena = 109
• Disinhibition and Impaired Impulse Control = 109
• Emotional Dulling = 110
• Psychosis = 110
• Suicidal Thinking or Behavior = 111
• 6 What Nonmedical Therapists Should Know About Adverse Drug Effects = 113
• Part Ⅱ Organ Systems
• 7 Cardiovascular System = 121
• Arrhythmias and Palpitations = 121
• Cerebrovascular Accidents = 134
• Edema = 135
• Hypertension = 138
• Myocarditis and Cardiomyopathy = 140
• Orthostatic Hypotension = 141
• 8 Dermatological System = 145
• Alopecia = 145
• Hyperhidrosis = 147
• Photosensitivity = 147
• Pruritus = 148
• Skin Rashes = 150
• 9 Ear, Nose, and Throat = 161
• Bruxism = 161
• Dysarthria = 162
• Dysgeusia = 164
• Oral Lesions = 165
• Sialorrhea = 166
• Stomatodynia (Burning Mouth Syndrome) = 168
• Tinnitus = 169
• Xerostomia = 169
• 10 Electrolyte Abnormalities = 171
• Hyponatremia and SIADH = 171
• Metabolic Acidosis and Alkalosis = 174
• 11 Endocrinopathies = 177
• Bone Demineralization and Osteoporosis = 177
• Hyperprolactinemia, Galactorrhea, and Gynecomastia = 178
• Menstrual Disturbances and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome = 187
• Parathyroid Abnormalities = 188
• Thyroid Abnormalities = 190
• 12 Gastrointestinal System = 193
• Diarrhea, Hypermotility, and Constipation = 193
• Gastrointestinal Bleeding = 195
• Hepatic Impairment and Transaminitis = 195
• Hyperammonemia = 197
• Malabsorption Disorders = 204
• Nausea and Gastrointestinal Upset = 205
• Pancreatitis = 206
• 13 Genitourinary and Renal Systems = 209
• Dysuria and Urinary Retention = 209
• Enuresis and Urinary Incontinence = 210
• Nephrotic Syndrome = 211
• Nephrotoxicity and Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus = 212
• Priapism = 215
• Renal Calculi = 217
• Renal Insufficiency = 217
• Sexual Dysfunction = 218
• 14 Hematological System = 245
• Myelosuppression: Agranulocytosis and Thrombocytopenia = 245
• Platelet Aggregation Disorders and Bleeding Risk = 249
• Red Blood Cells = 250
• 15 Metabolic Dysregulation and Weight Gain = 253
• Dyslipidemias = 253
• Glycemic Dysregulation and Diabetes Mellitus = 264
• Weight Gain = 271
• Weight Loss = 312
• 16 Musculoskeletal System = 317
• Joint Pain = 317
• Leg Cramps = 318
• Myalgias = 319
• 17 Neurological System = 323
• Cognitive Complaints = 323
• Delirium and Encephalopathy = 328
• Fatigue and Sedation = 329
• Headache = 334
• Movement Disorders = 337
• Tremor = 352
• Muscle Twitching, Fasciculations, and Myoclonus = 356
• Nystagmus = 357
• Paresthesias and Neuropathies = 358
• Seizures = 359
• Yawning = 361
• 18 Ophthalmological System = 363
• Cataracts = 363
• Diplopia, Blurred Vision, and Loss of Vision = 364
• Glaucoma = 365
• Retinopathies = 366
• 19 Sleep Disturbances = 367
• Hypersomnia and Sleep Attacks = 367
• Insomnia = 369
• Nightmares and Vivid Dreams = 376
• Parasomnias = 377
• 20 Systemic Reactions = 379
• Allergic Reactions and Angioedema = 379
• Antiepileptic Hypersensitivity Reactions = 380
• Body Temperature Dysregulation = 381
• Cancer and Excess Mortality = 382
• Discontinuation Syndromes = 382
• Drug-Induced Lupus Erythematosus = 384
• Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome = 385
• Serotonin Syndrome = 386
• 21 Pregnancy and the Puerperium = 389
• Breast-Feeding and Teratogenicity = 390
• Growth Effects = 392
• Withdrawal in the Newborn = 395
• 22 Emergency Situations = 397
• Part Ⅲ Summary Recommendations
• 23 Summary Recommendations = 421
• The Future = 424
• Appendix 1 : Summary of Major Adverse Effects and Monitoring／Management Considerations = 425
• Appendix 2 : Self-Assessment Questions and Answers = 441
• Questions = 441
• Answer Guide = 455
• Appendix 3 : Resources for Practitioners = 483
• Summary of Commonly Reported Adverse Effects of Psychotropic Agents = 484
• Common Psychotropic Drug Interactions = 490
• Useful Web Sites = 494
• Rating Scales for Measuring Adverse Drug Effects = 495
• References = 497
• Index = 533