This study presents a comparative stylistic analysis of the Amitabha Triad in the Naeyeong-do (Welcoming Descent) form, produced during the Southern Song dynasty of China (13th century) and the late Joseon dynasty of Korea (19th century). ...

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https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T17540633
경주 : 동국대학교 불교문화대학원, 2026
학위논문(석사) -- 동국대학교 불교문화대학원 , 불교예술학과_불교미술전공 , 2026. 8
2026
한국어
경상북도
75 p. : 삽도 ; 26cm.
지도교수:이강현(청원)
논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.
I804:11020-000000094481
0
상세조회0
다운로드다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)
This study presents a comparative stylistic analysis of the Amitabha Triad in the Naeyeong-do (Welcoming Descent) form, produced during the Southern Song dynasty of China (13th century) and the late Joseon dynasty of Korea (19th century). ...
This study presents a comparative stylistic analysis of the Amitabha Triad in the Naeyeong-do (Welcoming Descent) form, produced during the Southern Song dynasty of China (13th century) and the late Joseon dynasty of Korea (19th century). The objective is to elucidate how Amitabha iconography was accepted and autonomously transformed according to temporal and regional contexts within the East Asian Buddhist painting tradition. This research was prompted by the delicate brushwork and unique iconographic features of the 13th-century Southern Song Amitabha Triad encountered at the 2024 Hoam Museum of Art exhibition, Beautiful as the Lotus Flower, Unstained by the Mud. This work is contrasted with the Amitabha Triad of Pyochungsa Temple in Miryang (1885, by the head monk-painter Gijeon), which the researcher personally investigated in 2020. By positioning these two standing triad-style Naeyeong-do paintings— separated by 600 years—side by side, this study examines the visualization methods of Pure Land Buddhism and the process of subjective transformation.
The research methodology integrates literature analysis, iconographic comparison, and digital tracing. Specifically, by utilizing Procreate on iPad to trace the brushlines of both works and overlapping the layers, a practical approach was attempted to quantitatively and visually demonstrate stylistic variances, including body proportions, the positioning of facial features, and the angles of the feet. For the theoretical background, the iconographic tradition of the "Sixteen Visualizations" in the Amitayurdhyana Sutra, the development of Amitabha faith and Pure Land thought, and the organizational principles and symbolic systems of the triad were reviewed.
The comparative analysis revealed distinct disparities in production purpose, function, brushwork, composition, dynamic expression of descent, and spatial management. The 13th-century Southern Song painting was created as a tool for individual practitioners of the Pure Land visualization faith, characterized by the visualization of the "Ten Recitatives of the Buddha’s Name" (Simnyeom-myeongho), a sense of vitality through flexible curves and asymmetrical centers of gravity, and the capture of the dynamic moment of descending to the mundane world by turning the feet sideways. In contrast, the Pyochungsa version from the late Joseon dynasty is a large-scale decorative Buddhist painting created for public worship in a temple hall. It emphasizes the absolute authority of the Buddha through planar linear drawing centered on "iron-wire lines" (Cheolseon-myo), a strict symmetrical composition, and a frontal paja (V-shaped) stance. The majestic visualization of the Pure Land, filling the screen with five-colored auspicious clouds (Chaeun), was objectively confirmed through numerical and geometric data via digital tracing.
In conclusion, the stylistic disparity between the two works is not a mere technical regression but a result of intentional and active adaptation according to the religious environment and spatial context. While adopting Southern Song iconography, Joseon monk-painters capably responded to the spatial specificities of Korean temple halls and the demands of popular faith, thereby completing a unique Korean aesthetic of majesty. By combining literature, iconography, and digital empirical analysis, this study offers concrete and objective empirical evidence to elucidate the exchange and autonomous transformation of East Asian Buddhist painting styles.
Keywords: Amitabha Triad, Naeyeong-do (Welcoming Descent), Southern Song Buddhist Painting, Pyochungsa Temple, Head Monk-Painter Gijeon, Digital
Tracing, Iconography, Autonomous Transformation
목차 (Table of Contents)
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