American sports : from the age of folk games to the age of televised sports

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• PREFACE = ⅸ
• 1 SPORTS IN EARLY AMERICA = 1
• Britain's Festive Culture = 2
• The Puritan Assault upon Britain's Festive Culture = 5
• "Lawful Sport" in New England and the Middle Colonies = 7
• Sporting Ways of the Southern Colonies = 9
• Backcountry Sporting Ways = 14
• Pastimes in the Revolutionary Era = 15
• Conclusion = 16
• Notes = 17
• 2 THE SETTING FOR NINETEENTH-CENTURY SPORTS = 19
• Conquering Space and Time = 20
• The New, Middle-class Victorian Culture = 22
• From "Rational" Recreation to an Ideology of Athletism = 23
• A Victorian Counterculture = 25
• Nineteenth-Century Sporting Groups = 30
• Conclusion = 31
• Notes = 32
• 3 THE SPORTING FRATERNITY AND ITS SPECTACLES = 33
• John Cox Stevens : Wealthy Patron of Antebellum Sporting Spectacles = 33
• Pedestrianism, Rowing, and Billiards = 36
• Early History of American Prizefighting = 38
• Meanings of Prizefighting = 39
• Prizefighting in the Postbellum Era = 41
• Enter John L. Sullivan = 43
• Postbellum Thoroughbred Horse Racing = 46
• Conclusion = 47
• Notes = 48
• 4 THE RISE OF THE NATIONAL GAME = 49
• The Club-based Fraternal Game = 49
• Baseball as a Commercial Enterprise = 52
• The National League = 55
• The Players' Revolt = 57
• Ethnics and African Americans = 59
• Between the Foul Lines and in the Stands = 60
• Conclusion = 62
• Notes = 63
• 5 NINETEENTH-CENTURY SPORTING COMMUNITIES = 64
• Ethnic Sporting Communities = 65
• Turner Societies = 67
• African American Sporting Communities = 69
• The Wealthy New York Sporting Community = 69
• The Quest for Elite Communities = 71
• The Formation of Athletic Clubs = 72
• Amateurism and Its Uses = 74
• Cricket Clubs and Country Clubs = 76
• Conclusion = 78
• Notes = 79
• 6 THE RISE OF INTERCOLLEGIATE SPORTS = 81
• Early Intercollegiate Baseball, Track, and Football = 83
• Walter Camp : Father of American Football = 85
• Football and the Making of College Communities = 89
• Football Becomes a Public Spectacle = 92
• Conclusion = 95
• Notes = 96
• 7 THE RISE OF ORGANIZED YOUTH SPORTS, 1890-1920 = 98
• The Social Context = 98
• The Cultural Context = 100
• Luther Halsey Gulick, Jr. = 101
• The Evolutionary Theory of Play = 104
• The Public Schools Athletic League = 106
• The Playground Movement = 108
• High School Sports = 109
• Conclusion = 113
• Notes = 113
• 8 THE SETTING FOR ORGANIZED SPORTS, 1890-1950 = 116
• The Media and Sports = 116
• The Consumer Culture = 119
• Islands of Pleasure = 120
• The Strenuous Life = 123
• Ideals of Womanhood = 126
• An Age of Racial Segregation = 129
• Conclusion = 131
• Notes = 131
• 9 THE AGE OF SPORTS HEROES = 133
• Babe Ruth = 134
• Red Grange = 138
• Jack Johnson = 142
• The Golden Age of Boxing = 145
• Conclusion = 150
• Notes = 150
• 10 BASEBALL'S GOLDEN AGE = 152
• Baseball's Coming of Age = 152
• An Age of the Pitcher = 155
• Organized Baseball's Quest for Order = 159
• The Black Sox Scandal and the Reign of Kenesaw Mountain Landis = 161
• An Age of Team Dynasties = 164
• Black Baseball = 169
• Conclusion = 170
• Notes = 170
• 11 INTERCOLLEGIATE FOOTBALL SPECTACLES = 172
• The Critical Era = 173
• The Formation of Conferences = 176
• The Issue of Brutality = 179
• The Revolution of 1906 = 180
• The Growing Popularity of Intercollegiate Football = 182
• Continuing Intercollegiate Controversies = 186
• Conclusion = 188
• Notes = 188
• 12 THE CLUB SPORTS GO PUBLIC = 190
• Tennis Goes Public = 191
• Golf Goes Public = 194
• The Emporer, Bobby Jones = 197
• Track and Field = 199
• The Revived Olympic Games = 200
• Conclusion = 205
• Notes = 206
• 13 THE RISE OF ORGANIZED WOMEN'S SPORTS = 207
• The Athletic Girl = 207
• Early Women's Basketball = 210
• The Arrival of Women Sports' Heroes = 212
• The War over Turf and Principles = 215
• The Rise and Decline of Women's Softball and Baseball = 218
• Conclusion = 221
• Notes = 222
• 14 THE SETTING OF ORGANIZED SPORTS SINCE 1950 = 224
• The Sprawling Metropolises = 224
• The Inner City and the Suburbs = 226
• The Self and Fitness Cult = 229
• The Advent of Televised Sports = 232
• The Battle of the Networks = 235
• The Social Role of the Media = 238
• Conclusion = 239
• Notes = 239
• 15 PROFESSIONAL TEAM SPORTS = 241
• The Woes of Baseball = 241
• The Demise of the Dynasties = 245
• The Early Days of Pro Football = 248
• The Making of Pro Football = 249
• The Golden Age of Professional Football = 252
• Packaging Pro Football for Television = 254
• Professional Basketball = 256
• Conclusion = 258
• Notes = 258
• 16 COLLEGE SPORTS IN A NATIONAL ARENA = 260
• The NCAA Becomes a Cartel = 260
• The Soaring Popularity of College Football = 262
• Joining the Top Ten = 265
• College Basketball Enters the National Arena = 268
• The Rising Popularity of College Basketball = 270
• The Triple Crises = 272
• Conclusion = 274
• Notes = 274
• 17 AMERICAN SPORTS IN AN INTERNATIONAL ARENA = 276
• The Politics of the Olympic Games = 277
• The Escalation of the Stakes = 280
• Television and the Ascent of Golf = 285
• Tennis - Open to All
• Conclusion = 290
• Notes = 291
• 18 THE QUEST FOR RACIAL EQUALITY IN SPORTS = 292
• The Origins of Desegregation = 292
• Rickey and Robinson Integrate the National Game = 295
• Muhammad Ali = 297
• The Black Athletic Revolt = 299
• The Continuation of Discrimination = 301
• Conclusion = 302
• Notes = 303
• 19 THE QUEST FOR GENDER EQUALITY IN SPORTS = 304
• Continuing Issues in Women's Sports = 304
• The Impetus for Change = 306
• Rising Hopes and Expectations = 308
• Resistance to Equity in Women's Sports = 310
• Conclusion = 313
• Notes = 314
• 20 THE ATHLETES = 315
• Heroes and Celebrities = 315
• Interleague Competition for Players = 318
• The Player Associations = 320
• Free Agency = 322
• The Implications of the New Status = 325
• Youth Athletes = 326
• Conclusion = 330
• Notes = 330
• 21 AMERICAN SPORTS = 332
• PHOTO CREDITS = 334
• INDEX = 335