Numerical study and design optimization of electromagnetic energy harvesters integrated with flexible magnetic materials

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study presents a new design of an electromagnetic energy harvester integrated with a soft magnetic material. The harvester design optimizes the magnetic material characteristics and the size of a rectangular permanent magnet. The design employs a complete magnetic circuit made of (1) a thin-film soft magnetic material that facilitates a flexible but highly (magnetically) permeable beam and (2) an optimally-sized magnet that maximizes the harvester performance. The design is demonstrated to reduce magnetic flux leakage, and thus considerably enhances both magnetic flux density (B) and its change by time (dB/dt), which both influence harvester performance. The improvement in harvester performances strongly depends on critical design parameters, especially, the magnet size and characteristics of magnetic materials, including permeability, stiffness, and thickness. The analyses conclude that recently-introduced nanomaterials (having ultrahigh magnetic permeability) can potentially innovate harvester performances. However, the performance may be degraded without design optimization. Once optimized, the integrated nanomaterials facilitate a significant improvement compared with a conventional design without integrated magnetic materials.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 김철, "Topology optimum design of unimorph piezoelectric cantilevered Mindlin plates as a vibrating electric harvester" 대한기계학회 28 (28): 4131-4138, 2014

2 B. L. Ooi, "Switching damping for a frequency-tunable electromagnetic energy harvester" 234 : 311-320, 2015

3 D. P. Arnold, "Review of microscale magnetic power generation" 43 (43): 3940-3951, 2007

4 M. Rahman, "Promising applications of neodymium boron Iron magnets in electrical machines" 21 (21): 1712-1716, 1985

5 Wang Chen, "Piezoelectric and electromagnetic hybrid energy harvester for powering wireless sensor nodes in smart grid" 대한기계학회 29 (29): 4313-4318, 2015

6 H. Chiriac, "Nanocrystalline ribbons for energy harvesting applications" 115 (115): 17A320-, 2014

7 "Nanocrystalline core materials for modern power electronic designs"

8 M. E. McHenry, "Nano-scale materials development for future magnetic applications" 48 (48): 223-238, 2000

9 Carpenter Technology Corporation, "Mu Metal Datasheet"

10 K. Najafi, "Microsystems for energy harvesting" 1845-1850, 2011

11 T. Galchev, "Micro power generator for harvesting low-frequency and nonperiodic vibrations" 20 (20): 852-866, 2011

12 이병철, "Low-frequency driven energy harvester with multi-pole magnetic structure" 대한기계학회 29 (29): 441-446, 2015

13 C. Zheng, "Integrated sensing for ionic polymer-metal composite actuators using PVDF thin films" 16 (16): S262-, 2007

14 V. C. Valchev, "Inductors and Transformers for Power Electronics" CRC Press 2005

15 X. Xing, "High power density vibration energy harvester with high permeability magnetic material" 109 (109): 07E514-, 2011

16 Q. Wang, "High power density energy harvester with high permeability magnetic material embedded in a rotating wheel" 83470V-83476V, 2012

17 D. Gunduz, "Designing intelligent energy harvesting communication systems" 52 (52): 210-216, 2014

18 M. El-hami, "Design and fabrication of a new vibration-based electromechanical power generator" 92 (92): 335-342, 2001

19 T. Sato, "Coupled analysis of electromagnetic vibration energy harvester with nonlinear oscillation" 50 (50): 7007604-, 2014

20 D. C. Hanselman, "Brushless Permanent Magnet Motor Design" Magna Physics Pub 2003

21 I. N. Ayala-Garcia, "A tunable kinetic energy harvester with dynamic over range protection" 19 (19): 115005-, 2010

22 S. Roundy, "A study of low level vibrations as a power source for wireless sensor nodes" 26 (26): 1131-1144, 2003

23 Mohammed Salim, "A review of vibration-based MEMS hybrid energy harvesters" 대한기계학회 29 (29): 5021-5034, 2015

24 R. C. Vinod, "A coupled piezoelectric-electromagnetic energy harvesting technique for achieving increased power output through damping matching" 18 (18): 095029-, 2009

25 H. Wang, "A bridgeless boost rectifier for low-voltage energy harvesting applications" 28 (28): 5206-5214, 2013