전시하 만철의 수송전(1937~1945) -수송통제와 그 실태- = Transportation War of South Manchuria Railways, 1937-1945: Focusing on the Transportation Control and its reality

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this paper is to examine the transportation war of the South Manchuria Railway (SMR) that evolved in phases to cope with the shortage of transportation capacity and to inquire into its impact on the railroad transportation system and internal management structure. With the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War, SMC was mobilized to take charge of the requisitioned North China Railways as well as passenger and freight transportation in Manchuria. Railroad transportation, including troops and military supplies, rapidly increased and a great accumulation of freight took place. The countermeasure established to address this difficult situation was the ex-ante allocation of railroad capacity. The Kwantung Army, SMR, and control agencies for resources opened the Control Transport Conference, working out and executing the transportation plan. After the outbreak of the Pacific War, given that the loss of maritime transportation became serious, the relay land transportation of continental resources via the Korean Peninsula started to substitute for marine transportation. The Continental Railroad Transport Committee was established among continental railways for this purpose. However the transportation crisis broke out from mid-1944. SMR was actually taken over by the Soviet Red Army. The relay land transportation operations did not permit SMR to pursue only its efficiency. The railroad management system accumulated by SMR began to lose its efficiency due to the excessive burden which originated from this.

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