중심지 이론을 통한 다국적 기업의 해외진출 패턴 분석 = A Central Place Model Approach to the Foreign Entry Pattern of Multinational Corporations

국문 초록 (Abstract)

세계화의 중요성은 나날이 증가하여 전 세계적으로는 클러스터(cluster) 개념이 부각 되고 국내적으로는 동북아 허브(hub)에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있지만 이에 대한 경제 지리학적 접근은 상대적으로 소외된 영역이었다. 본 논문에서는 세계화에 대해 경제 지리학적 접근을 시도한 대표적인 학자인 Krugman과 Porter의 견해와 공통분모를 지니면서 공간 입지 체계에 큰 영향과 설명력을 지닌 Christaller의 중심지 이론을 통해 다국적 기업이 진출한 국가 수에 존재하는 체계적인 패턴을 분석하였다. 중심지 이론을 자동차 생산 기업에 국제적인 차원으로 확대 적용하여 분석함으로써, 자동차 생산 기업이 진출한 국가들에는 ‘K=4 교통원리’가 적용됨을 증명하였다. 또한 중심지 및 ‘K 충실도’와 재무 성과와의 상관관계 분석을 통해 세계화의 과정에서 중심지를 형성하고 특히 그 형성 과정에서 ‘K=4 교통원리’를 준수하여 체계적인 국가 포트폴리오를 구성하는 수준을 측정하는 ‘K 충실도’가 재무성과와 상관관계가 있음을 입증하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In spite of the increasing importance of globalization, and recently highlighted concept of clustering and Northeast Asian hub, very little substantive progress has been made in the economic geographical approach to globalization. This paper analyzes the systemic pattern of the number of countries in which multinational corporations (MNCs) have their facilities, by employing Christaller's Central Place Model which has a great influence on describing the spatial pattern, and also has many things in common with Krugman and Porter in the perspective of the economic geographical approach to globalization. By applying the Christaller's Central Place Model to the international level, it's proved that there is 'K=4 (traffic-optimizing)' pattern in the number of countries of MNCs in the automotive industry. Furthermore, correlation analysis reveals that there is a positive correlation between financial performance and 'K fidelity' which measures the degree of the compliance of 'K=4 (traffic-optimizing)' in the process of formation of central places.

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