핵안보시대의 원자력수출·입통제법령을 위한 국제법적 소고 = Modification of legal system of the nuclear export and import control to implement nuclear security regime as well as nuclear nonproliferation regime

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Revised Nuclear Treaty between Korea and United States in 2015 reflects an advanced stage of Korean nuclear technology as major world nuclear energy country. Exporting nuclear reactors to United Arab Emirates(UAE), receiving an order of budling experimental nuclear reactor for Jordan, OYSTER remodeling project for Netherlands. Korea has succeeded in affirming the principle that the benefits of peaceful applications of nuclear technology, including technology by-products. 5th Atomic Energy Promotion Plan includes consolidation of competitive power of nuclear industry through improvement of export promotion business environment. Current legal nuclear safety law and supporting system does not conform to the technological advancement and need reform covering nuclear non-proliferation regime and nuclear security regime. International Society has already introducing domestic system that supports interface among safeguards, security and safety measures. Interface of 3S can be ensured when proper export· import system support those 3S. Industry 4.0 will revolutionize the nuclear industry as well as radiation source industry with increase of technology development speed. Delegated legislation by the Nuclear Safety Act article 107 confer a “duty to consult with head of mistry of trade, industry and energy”only. It does not provide any information regarding export& import procedure for nuclear material. Duties and responsibilities are supposedly be written clearly in the law or regulation or decree for any responsible person to accept his/her obligations. Providing “treaties effected by a notice” is not a proper method to reflect constant changes of the duties through treaty making activities. Although recent court decision admits that an administrative regulations have legal effects in some cases, formally treaties effected by a notice would have the status of administrative regulations without legal effect. Besides “Internationally controlled goods(ICG)”list and “nuclear items for especially designated or prepared(EDP items)” list noticed by “Integrated Ministry Regulations” under the auspicy of Ministry of trade, industry and energy are inconsistent. International society is expanding towards nuclear security regime that includes physical protection of nuclear material and nuclear facilities as well as radiation material and facilities from nuclear nonproliferation regime that covered safeguards and export-import control. Modifying legislation system for the export-import control of nuclear items are urgent to support nonproliferation regime as well as nuclear security regime.

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